详谈tensorflow gfile文件的用法


Posted in Python onFebruary 05, 2020

一、gfile模块是什么

gfile模块定义在tensorflow/python/platform/gfile.py,但其源代码实现主要位于tensorflow/tensorflow/python/lib/io/file_io.py,那么gfile模块主要功能是什么呢?

google上的定义为:

详谈tensorflow gfile文件的用法

翻译过来为:

没有线程锁的文件I / O操作包装器

...对于TensorFlow的tf.gfile模块来说是一个特别无用的描述!

tf.gfile模块的主要角色是:

1.提供一个接近Python文件对象的API,以及

2.提供基于TensorFlow C ++ FileSystem API的实现。

C ++ FileSystem API支持多种文件系统实现,包括本地文件,谷歌云存储(以gs://开头)和HDFS(以hdfs:/开头)。 TensorFlow将它们导出为tf.gfile,以便我们可以使用这些实现来保存和加载检查点,编写TensorBoard log以及访问训练数据(以及其他用途)。但是,如果所有文件都是本地文件,则可以使用常规的Python文件API而不会造成任何问题。

以上为google对tf.gfile的说明。

二、gfile API介绍

下面将分别介绍每一个gfile API!

2-1)tf.gfile.Copy(oldpath, newpath, overwrite=False)

拷贝源文件并创建目标文件,无返回,其形参说明如下:

oldpath:带路径名字的拷贝源文件;

newpath:带路径名字的拷贝目标文件;

overwrite:目标文件已经存在时是否要覆盖,默认为false,如果目标文件已经存在则会报错

2-2)tf.gfile.MkDir(dirname)

创建一个目录,dirname为目录名字,无返回。

2-3)tf.gfile.Remove(filename)

删除文件,filename即文件名,无返回。

2-4)tf.gfile.DeleteRecursively(dirname)

递归删除所有目录及其文件,dirname即目录名,无返回。

2-5)tf.gfile.Exists(filename)

判断目录或文件是否存在,filename可为目录路径或带文件名的路径,有该目录则返回True,否则False。

2-6)tf.gfile.Glob(filename)

查找匹配pattern的文件并以列表的形式返回,filename可以是一个具体的文件名,也可以是包含通配符的正则表达式。

2-7)tf.gfile.IsDirectory(dirname)

判断所给目录是否存在,如果存在则返回True,否则返回False,dirname是目录名。

2-8)tf.gfile.ListDirectory(dirname)

罗列dirname目录下的所有文件并以列表形式返回,dirname必须是目录名。

2-9)tf.gfile.MakeDirs(dirname)

以递归方式建立父目录及其子目录,如果目录已存在且是可覆盖则会创建成功,否则报错,无返回。

2-10)tf.gfile.Rename(oldname, newname, overwrite=False)

重命名或移动一个文件或目录,无返回,其形参说明如下:

oldname:旧目录或旧文件;

newname:新目录或新文件;

overwrite:默认为false,如果新目录或新文件已经存在则会报错,否则重命名或移动成功。

2-11)tf.gfile.Stat(filename)

返回目录的统计数据,该函数会返回FileStatistics数据结构,以dir(tf.gfile.Stat(filename))获取返回数据的属性如下:

2-12)tf.gfile.Walk(top, in_order=True)

递归获取目录信息生成器,top是目录名,in_order默认为True指示顺序遍历目录,否则将无序遍历,每次生成返回如下格式信息(dirname, [subdirname, subdirname, ...], [filename, filename, ...])。

2-13)tf.gfile.GFile(filename, mode)

获取文本操作句柄,类似于python提供的文本操作open()函数,filename是要打开的文件名,mode是以何种方式去读写,将会返回一个文本操作句柄。

tf.gfile.Open()是该接口的同名,可任意使用其中一个!

2-14)tf.gfile.FastGFile(filename, mode)

该函数与tf.gfile.GFile的差别仅仅在于“无阻塞”,即该函数会无阻赛以较快的方式获取文本操作句柄。

三、API源码

# Copyright 2015 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================
"""File IO methods that wrap the C++ FileSystem API.
The C++ FileSystem API is SWIG wrapped in file_io.i. These functions call those
to accomplish basic File IO operations.
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function
 
import os
import uuid
 
import six
 
from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
from tensorflow.python.framework import c_api_util
from tensorflow.python.framework import errors
from tensorflow.python.util import compat
from tensorflow.python.util import deprecation
from tensorflow.python.util.tf_export import tf_export
 
 
class FileIO(object):
 """FileIO class that exposes methods to read / write to / from files.
 The constructor takes the following arguments:
 name: name of the file
 mode: one of 'r', 'w', 'a', 'r+', 'w+', 'a+'. Append 'b' for bytes mode.
 Can be used as an iterator to iterate over lines in the file.
 The default buffer size used for the BufferedInputStream used for reading
 the file line by line is 1024 * 512 bytes.
 """
 
 def __init__(self, name, mode):
  self.__name = name
  self.__mode = mode
  self._read_buf = None
  self._writable_file = None
  self._binary_mode = "b" in mode
  mode = mode.replace("b", "")
  if mode not in ("r", "w", "a", "r+", "w+", "a+"):
   raise errors.InvalidArgumentError(
     None, None, "mode is not 'r' or 'w' or 'a' or 'r+' or 'w+' or 'a+'")
  self._read_check_passed = mode in ("r", "r+", "a+", "w+")
  self._write_check_passed = mode in ("a", "w", "r+", "a+", "w+")
 
 @property
 def name(self):
  """Returns the file name."""
  return self.__name
 
 @property
 def mode(self):
  """Returns the mode in which the file was opened."""
  return self.__mode
 
 def _preread_check(self):
  if not self._read_buf:
   if not self._read_check_passed:
    raise errors.PermissionDeniedError(None, None,
                      "File isn't open for reading")
   with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
    self._read_buf = pywrap_tensorflow.CreateBufferedInputStream(
      compat.as_bytes(self.__name), 1024 * 512, status)
 
 def _prewrite_check(self):
  if not self._writable_file:
   if not self._write_check_passed:
    raise errors.PermissionDeniedError(None, None,
                      "File isn't open for writing")
   with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
    self._writable_file = pywrap_tensorflow.CreateWritableFile(
      compat.as_bytes(self.__name), compat.as_bytes(self.__mode), status)
 
 def _prepare_value(self, val):
  if self._binary_mode:
   return compat.as_bytes(val)
  else:
   return compat.as_str_any(val)
 
 def size(self):
  """Returns the size of the file."""
  return stat(self.__name).length
 
 def write(self, file_content):
  """Writes file_content to the file. Appends to the end of the file."""
  self._prewrite_check()
  with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
   pywrap_tensorflow.AppendToFile(
     compat.as_bytes(file_content), self._writable_file, status)
 
 def read(self, n=-1):
  """Returns the contents of a file as a string.
  Starts reading from current position in file.
  Args:
   n: Read 'n' bytes if n != -1. If n = -1, reads to end of file.
  Returns:
   'n' bytes of the file (or whole file) in bytes mode or 'n' bytes of the
   string if in string (regular) mode.
  """
  self._preread_check()
  with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
   if n == -1:
    length = self.size() - self.tell()
   else:
    length = n
   return self._prepare_value(
     pywrap_tensorflow.ReadFromStream(self._read_buf, length, status))
 
 @deprecation.deprecated_args(
   None,
   "position is deprecated in favor of the offset argument.",
   "position")
 def seek(self, offset=None, whence=0, position=None):
  # TODO(jhseu): Delete later. Used to omit `position` from docs.
  # pylint: disable=g-doc-args
  """Seeks to the offset in the file.
  Args:
   offset: The byte count relative to the whence argument.
   whence: Valid values for whence are:
    0: start of the file (default)
    1: relative to the current position of the file
    2: relative to the end of file. offset is usually negative.
  """
  # pylint: enable=g-doc-args
  self._preread_check()
  # We needed to make offset a keyword argument for backwards-compatibility.
  # This check exists so that we can convert back to having offset be a
  # positional argument.
  # TODO(jhseu): Make `offset` a positional argument after `position` is
  # deleted.
  if offset is None and position is None:
   raise TypeError("seek(): offset argument required")
  if offset is not None and position is not None:
   raise TypeError("seek(): offset and position may not be set "
           "simultaneously.")
 
  if position is not None:
   offset = position
 
  with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
   if whence == 0:
    pass
   elif whence == 1:
    offset += self.tell()
   elif whence == 2:
    offset += self.size()
   else:
    raise errors.InvalidArgumentError(
      None, None,
      "Invalid whence argument: {}. Valid values are 0, 1, or 2."
      .format(whence))
   ret_status = self._read_buf.Seek(offset)
   pywrap_tensorflow.Set_TF_Status_from_Status(status, ret_status)
 
 def readline(self):
  r"""Reads the next line from the file. Leaves the '\n' at the end."""
  self._preread_check()
  return self._prepare_value(self._read_buf.ReadLineAsString())
 
 def readlines(self):
  """Returns all lines from the file in a list."""
  self._preread_check()
  lines = []
  while True:
   s = self.readline()
   if not s:
    break
   lines.append(s)
  return lines
 
 def tell(self):
  """Returns the current position in the file."""
  self._preread_check()
  return self._read_buf.Tell()
 
 def __enter__(self):
  """Make usable with "with" statement."""
  return self
 
 def __exit__(self, unused_type, unused_value, unused_traceback):
  """Make usable with "with" statement."""
  self.close()
 
 def __iter__(self):
  return self
 
 def next(self):
  retval = self.readline()
  if not retval:
   raise StopIteration()
  return retval
 
 def __next__(self):
  return self.next()
 
 def flush(self):
  """Flushes the Writable file.
  This only ensures that the data has made its way out of the process without
  any guarantees on whether it's written to disk. This means that the
  data would survive an application crash but not necessarily an OS crash.
  """
  if self._writable_file:
   with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
    ret_status = self._writable_file.Flush()
    pywrap_tensorflow.Set_TF_Status_from_Status(status, ret_status)
 
 def close(self):
  """Closes FileIO. Should be called for the WritableFile to be flushed."""
  self._read_buf = None
  if self._writable_file:
   with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
    ret_status = self._writable_file.Close()
    pywrap_tensorflow.Set_TF_Status_from_Status(status, ret_status)
  self._writable_file = None
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.Exists")
def file_exists(filename):
 """Determines whether a path exists or not.
 Args:
  filename: string, a path
 Returns:
  True if the path exists, whether its a file or a directory.
  False if the path does not exist and there are no filesystem errors.
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: Propagates any errors reported by the FileSystem API.
 """
 try:
  with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
   pywrap_tensorflow.FileExists(compat.as_bytes(filename), status)
 except errors.NotFoundError:
  return False
 return True
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.Remove")
def delete_file(filename):
 """Deletes the file located at 'filename'.
 Args:
  filename: string, a filename
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: Propagates any errors reported by the FileSystem API. E.g.,
  NotFoundError if the file does not exist.
 """
 with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
  pywrap_tensorflow.DeleteFile(compat.as_bytes(filename), status)
 
 
def read_file_to_string(filename, binary_mode=False):
 """Reads the entire contents of a file to a string.
 Args:
  filename: string, path to a file
  binary_mode: whether to open the file in binary mode or not. This changes
    the type of the object returned.
 Returns:
  contents of the file as a string or bytes.
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: Raises variety of errors that are subtypes e.g.
  NotFoundError etc.
 """
 if binary_mode:
  f = FileIO(filename, mode="rb")
 else:
  f = FileIO(filename, mode="r")
 return f.read()
 
 
def write_string_to_file(filename, file_content):
 """Writes a string to a given file.
 Args:
  filename: string, path to a file
  file_content: string, contents that need to be written to the file
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: If there are errors during the operation.
 """
 with FileIO(filename, mode="w") as f:
  f.write(file_content)
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.Glob")
def get_matching_files(filename):
 """Returns a list of files that match the given pattern(s).
 Args:
  filename: string or iterable of strings. The glob pattern(s).
 Returns:
  A list of strings containing filenames that match the given pattern(s).
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: If there are filesystem / directory listing errors.
 """
 with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
  if isinstance(filename, six.string_types):
   return [
     # Convert the filenames to string from bytes.
     compat.as_str_any(matching_filename)
     for matching_filename in pywrap_tensorflow.GetMatchingFiles(
       compat.as_bytes(filename), status)
   ]
  else:
   return [
     # Convert the filenames to string from bytes.
     compat.as_str_any(matching_filename)
     for single_filename in filename
     for matching_filename in pywrap_tensorflow.GetMatchingFiles(
       compat.as_bytes(single_filename), status)
   ]
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.MkDir")
def create_dir(dirname):
 """Creates a directory with the name 'dirname'.
 Args:
  dirname: string, name of the directory to be created
 Notes:
  The parent directories need to exist. Use recursive_create_dir instead if
  there is the possibility that the parent dirs don't exist.
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: If the operation fails.
 """
 with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
  pywrap_tensorflow.CreateDir(compat.as_bytes(dirname), status)
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.MakeDirs")
def recursive_create_dir(dirname):
 """Creates a directory and all parent/intermediate directories.
 It succeeds if dirname already exists and is writable.
 Args:
  dirname: string, name of the directory to be created
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: If the operation fails.
 """
 with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
  pywrap_tensorflow.RecursivelyCreateDir(compat.as_bytes(dirname), status)
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.Copy")
def copy(oldpath, newpath, overwrite=False):
 """Copies data from oldpath to newpath.
 Args:
  oldpath: string, name of the file who's contents need to be copied
  newpath: string, name of the file to which to copy to
  overwrite: boolean, if false its an error for newpath to be occupied by an
    existing file.
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: If the operation fails.
 """
 with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
  pywrap_tensorflow.CopyFile(
    compat.as_bytes(oldpath), compat.as_bytes(newpath), overwrite, status)
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.Rename")
def rename(oldname, newname, overwrite=False):
 """Rename or move a file / directory.
 Args:
  oldname: string, pathname for a file
  newname: string, pathname to which the file needs to be moved
  overwrite: boolean, if false it's an error for `newname` to be occupied by
    an existing file.
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: If the operation fails.
 """
 with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
  pywrap_tensorflow.RenameFile(
    compat.as_bytes(oldname), compat.as_bytes(newname), overwrite, status)
 
 
def atomic_write_string_to_file(filename, contents, overwrite=True):
 """Writes to `filename` atomically.
 This means that when `filename` appears in the filesystem, it will contain
 all of `contents`. With write_string_to_file, it is possible for the file
 to appear in the filesystem with `contents` only partially written.
 Accomplished by writing to a temp file and then renaming it.
 Args:
  filename: string, pathname for a file
  contents: string, contents that need to be written to the file
  overwrite: boolean, if false it's an error for `filename` to be occupied by
    an existing file.
 """
 temp_pathname = filename + ".tmp" + uuid.uuid4().hex
 write_string_to_file(temp_pathname, contents)
 try:
  rename(temp_pathname, filename, overwrite)
 except errors.OpError:
  delete_file(temp_pathname)
  raise
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.DeleteRecursively")
def delete_recursively(dirname):
 """Deletes everything under dirname recursively.
 Args:
  dirname: string, a path to a directory
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: If the operation fails.
 """
 with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
  pywrap_tensorflow.DeleteRecursively(compat.as_bytes(dirname), status)
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.IsDirectory")
def is_directory(dirname):
 """Returns whether the path is a directory or not.
 Args:
  dirname: string, path to a potential directory
 Returns:
  True, if the path is a directory; False otherwise
 """
 status = c_api_util.ScopedTFStatus()
 return pywrap_tensorflow.IsDirectory(compat.as_bytes(dirname), status)
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.ListDirectory")
def list_directory(dirname):
 """Returns a list of entries contained within a directory.
 The list is in arbitrary order. It does not contain the special entries "."
 and "..".
 Args:
  dirname: string, path to a directory
 Returns:
  [filename1, filename2, ... filenameN] as strings
 Raises:
  errors.NotFoundError if directory doesn't exist
 """
 if not is_directory(dirname):
  raise errors.NotFoundError(None, None, "Could not find directory")
 with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
  # Convert each element to string, since the return values of the
  # vector of string should be interpreted as strings, not bytes.
  return [
    compat.as_str_any(filename)
    for filename in pywrap_tensorflow.GetChildren(
      compat.as_bytes(dirname), status)
  ]
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.Walk")
def walk(top, in_order=True):
 """Recursive directory tree generator for directories.
 Args:
  top: string, a Directory name
  in_order: bool, Traverse in order if True, post order if False.
 Errors that happen while listing directories are ignored.
 Yields:
  Each yield is a 3-tuple: the pathname of a directory, followed by lists of
  all its subdirectories and leaf files.
  (dirname, [subdirname, subdirname, ...], [filename, filename, ...])
  as strings
 """
 top = compat.as_str_any(top)
 try:
  listing = list_directory(top)
 except errors.NotFoundError:
  return
 
 files = []
 subdirs = []
 for item in listing:
  full_path = os.path.join(top, item)
  if is_directory(full_path):
   subdirs.append(item)
  else:
   files.append(item)
 
 here = (top, subdirs, files)
 
 if in_order:
  yield here
 
 for subdir in subdirs:
  for subitem in walk(os.path.join(top, subdir), in_order):
   yield subitem
 
 if not in_order:
  yield here
 
 
@tf_export("gfile.Stat")
def stat(filename):
 """Returns file statistics for a given path.
 Args:
  filename: string, path to a file
 Returns:
  FileStatistics struct that contains information about the path
 Raises:
  errors.OpError: If the operation fails.
 """
 file_statistics = pywrap_tensorflow.FileStatistics()
 with errors.raise_exception_on_not_ok_status() as status:
  pywrap_tensorflow.Stat(compat.as_bytes(filename), file_statistics, status)
  return file_statistics

以上这篇详谈tensorflow gfile文件的用法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持三水点靠木。

Python 相关文章推荐
压缩包密码破解示例分享(类似典破解)
Jan 17 Python
python调用系统ffmpeg实现视频截图、http发送
Mar 06 Python
tensorflow获取变量维度信息
Mar 10 Python
python中从str中提取元素到list以及将list转换为str的方法
Jun 26 Python
python使用PyQt5的简单方法
Feb 27 Python
Python3环境安装Scrapy爬虫框架过程及常见错误
Jul 12 Python
Windows下PyCharm2018.3.2 安装教程(图文详解)
Oct 24 Python
Python使用os.listdir和os.walk获取文件路径
May 21 Python
Python django框架 web端视频加密的实例详解
Nov 20 Python
PyTorch中clone()、detach()及相关扩展详解
Dec 09 Python
pytorch 使用半精度模型部署的操作
May 24 Python
让文件路径提取变得更简单的Python Path库
May 27 Python
TensorFlow实现从txt文件读取数据
Feb 05 #Python
TensorFlow 读取CSV数据的实例
Feb 05 #Python
Python tkinter和exe打包的方法
Feb 05 #Python
tensorflow对图像进行拼接的例子
Feb 05 #Python
Python抓新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情数据并绘制全国疫情分布的代码实例
Feb 05 #Python
Python实现新型冠状病毒传播模型及预测代码实例
Feb 05 #Python
基于Tensorflow批量数据的输入实现方式
Feb 05 #Python
You might like
PHP缓存技术的使用说明
2011/08/06 PHP
php 数组随机取值的简单实例
2016/05/23 PHP
PHP中cookie知识点学习
2018/05/06 PHP
Yii Framework框架开发微信公众平台示例
2020/04/26 PHP
“不能执行已释放的Script代码”错误的原因及解决办法
2007/09/09 Javascript
Mootools 1.2教程 Fx.Morph、Fx选项和Fx事件
2009/09/15 Javascript
jQuery+CSS 实现随滚动条增减的汽水瓶中的液体效果
2011/09/26 Javascript
IE下使用jQuery重置iframe地址时内存泄露问题解决办法
2015/02/05 Javascript
js+html5实现canvas绘制镂空字体文本的方法
2015/06/05 Javascript
JS中的hasOwnProperty()、propertyIsEnumerable()和isPrototypeOf()
2016/08/11 Javascript
jquery 动态增加删除行的简单实例(推荐)
2016/10/12 Javascript
原生JS实现的放大镜效果实例代码
2016/10/15 Javascript
微信小程序 数组(增,删,改,查)等操作实例详解
2017/01/05 Javascript
bootstrap输入框组使用方法
2017/02/07 Javascript
在vue项目中使用element-ui的Upload上传组件的示例
2018/02/08 Javascript
js canvas画布实现高斯模糊效果
2018/11/27 Javascript
微信小程序实现文件、图片上传功能
2020/08/18 Javascript
layui 数据表格复选框实现单选功能的例子
2019/09/19 Javascript
vue 解决form表单提交但不跳转页面的问题
2019/10/30 Javascript
修改vue源码实现动态路由缓存的方法
2020/01/21 Javascript
JQuery省市联动效果实现过程详解
2020/05/08 jQuery
解决antd的Form组件setFieldsValue的警告问题
2020/10/29 Javascript
js实现有趣的倒计时效果
2021/01/19 Javascript
[02:10]DOTA2亚洲邀请赛 EG战队出场宣传片
2015/02/07 DOTA
Python2.5/2.6实用教程 入门基础篇
2009/11/29 Python
Python中selenium实现文件上传所有方法整理总结
2017/04/01 Python
python实现折半查找和归并排序算法
2017/04/14 Python
python安装Scrapy图文教程
2017/08/14 Python
TensorFlow keras卷积神经网络 添加L2正则化方式
2020/05/22 Python
Pandas之缺失数据的实现
2021/01/06 Python
CSS3制作Dropdown下拉菜单的方法
2015/07/18 HTML / CSS
摄影实习自我鉴定
2013/09/20 职场文书
女大学生毕业找工作的自我评价
2013/10/03 职场文书
自考毕业生自我鉴定
2013/11/04 职场文书
会计岗位描述
2014/02/22 职场文书
运动会入场口号
2014/06/07 职场文书