Python3 利用face_recognition实现人脸识别的方法

前言

之前实践了下face++在线人脸识别版本，这回做一下离线版本。github 上面有关于face_recognition的相关资料，本人只是做个搬运工，对其中的一些内容进行搬运，对其中一些例子进行实现。

官方描述：

face_recognition是一个强大、简单、易上手的人脸识别开源项目，并且配备了完整的开发文档和应用案例，特别是兼容树莓派系统。本项目是世界上最简洁的人脸识别库，你可以使用Python和命令行工具提取、识别、操作人脸。本项目的人脸识别是基于业内领先的C++开源库 dlib中的深度学习模型，用Labeled Faces in the Wild人脸数据集进行测试，有高达99.38%的准确率。但对小孩和亚洲人脸的识别准确率尚待提升。

（关于兼容树莓派，以后有板子了再做一下）

下面两个链接划重点

https://github.com/ageitgey/face_recognition/blob/master/README_Simplified_Chinese.md
https://face-recognition.readthedocs.io/en/latest/face_recognition.html

环境配置

• ubuntu16.04（其他环境的安装可以参考第一个链接，官方有说明）
• pycharm(可忽略,怎么舒服怎么来)
• python3
• opencv(我的是4.1.2，三点几的版本应该也一样）

实际上只需要安装face_recognition，当然，没有opencv的也需要安装一下opencv

pip3 install face_recognition

图片准备

由于需要做一些图片的比对，因此需要准备一些图片，本文图片取自以下链接

https://www.zhihu.com/question/314169580/answer/872770507

接下来开始操作

官方还有提供命令行的操作（这个没去做），本文不做这个，我们只要是要在python中用face_recognition，因此定位到这一块。

这个api文档地址就是上面的第二个链接。进去之后可以看到：

part1.识别图片中的人是谁

代码

# part1
# 识别图片中的人是谁
import face_recognition
known_image = face_recognition.load_image_file("lyf1.jpg")
unknown_image = face_recognition.load_image_file("lyf2.jpg")

lyf_encoding = face_recognition.face_encodings(known_image)[0]
unknown_encoding = face_recognition.face_encodings(unknown_image)[0]

results = face_recognition.compare_faces([lyf_encoding], unknown_encoding)	
# A list of True/False values indicating which known_face_encodings match the face encoding to check

print(type(results))
print(results)

if results[0] == True:
  print("yes")
else:
  print("no")

结果

<class 'list'>
[True]
yes

part2.从图片中找到人脸

代码

# part2
# 从图片中找到人脸（定位人脸位置）

import face_recognition
import cv2

image = face_recognition.load_image_file("lyf1.jpg")

face_locations_useCNN = face_recognition.face_locations(image,model='cnn')
# model ? Which face detection model to use. “hog” is less accurate but faster on CPUs.
# “cnn” is a more accurate deep-learning model which is GPU/CUDA accelerated (if available). The default is “hog”.

face_locations_noCNN=face_recognition.face_locations(image)
# A list of tuples of found face locations in css (top, right, bottom, left) order
# 因为返回值的顺序是这样子的，因此在后面的for循环里面赋值要注意按这个顺序来

print("face_location_useCNN:")
print(face_locations_useCNN)
face_num1=len(face_locations_useCNN)
print(face_num1)    # The number of faces


print("face_location_noCNN:")
print(face_locations_noCNN)
face_num2=len(face_locations_noCNN)
print(face_num2)    # The number of faces
# 到这里为止，可以观察两种情况的坐标和人脸数，一般来说，坐标会不一样，但是检测出来的人脸数应该是一样的
# 也就是说face_num1　＝　face_num２；　face_locations_useCNN　和　face_locations_noCNN　不一样


org = cv2.imread("lyf1.jpg")
img = cv2.imread("lyf1.jpg")
cv2.imshow("lyf1.jpg",img) # 原始图片

# Go to get the data and draw the rectangle
# use CNN
for i in range(0,face_num1):
  top = face_locations_useCNN[i][0]
  right = face_locations_useCNN[i][1]
  bottom = face_locations_useCNN[i][2]
  left = face_locations_useCNN[i][3]

  start = (left, top)
  end = (right, bottom)

  color = (0,255,255)
  thickness = 2
  cv2.rectangle(img, start, end, color, thickness)  # opencv 里面画矩形的函数

# Show the result
cv2.imshow("useCNN",img)


# for face_location in face_locations_noCNN:
#
#   # Print the location of each face in this image
#   top, right, bottom, left = face_location
# # 等价于下面的这种写法

for i in range(0,face_num2):
  top = face_locations_noCNN[i][0]
  right = face_locations_noCNN[i][1]
  bottom = face_locations_noCNN[i][2]
  left = face_locations_noCNN[i][3]

  start = (left, top)
  end = (right, bottom)

  color = (0,255,255)
  thickness = 2
  cv2.rectangle(org, start, end, color, thickness)

cv2.imshow("no cnn ",org)

cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

结果

face_location_useCNN:
[(223, 470, 427, 266)]
1
face_location_noCNN:
[(242, 489, 464, 266)]
1

图片效果大致是这样

part3.找到人脸并将其裁剪打印出来（使用cnn定位人脸）

代码

# part3
# 找到人脸并将其裁剪打印出来（使用cnn定位人脸）

from PIL import Image
import face_recognition

# Load the jpg file into a numpy array
image = face_recognition.load_image_file("lyf1.jpg")

face_locations = face_recognition.face_locations(image, number_of_times_to_upsample=0, model="cnn")

print("I found {} face(s) in this photograph.".format(len(face_locations)))

for face_location in face_locations:
  top, right, bottom, left = face_location
  print("A face is located at pixel location Top: {}, Left: {}, Bottom: {}, Right: {}".format(top, left, bottom, right))

  face_image = image[top:bottom, left:right]
  pil_image = Image.fromarray(face_image)
  pil_image.show()

结果

I found 1 face(s) in this photograph.
A face is located at pixel location Top: 205, Left: 276, Bottom: 440, Right: 512

图片效果大致是这样

part4.识别单张图片中人脸的关键点

代码

# part4　识别单张图片中人脸的关键点

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
import face_recognition

# Load the jpg file into a numpy array
image = face_recognition.load_image_file("lyf1.jpg")

# Find all facial features in all the faces in the image
face_landmarks_list = face_recognition.face_landmarks(image)
# print(face_landmarks_list)

print("I found {} face(s) in this photograph.".format(len(face_landmarks_list)))

# Create a PIL imagedraw object so we can draw on the picture
pil_image = Image.fromarray(image)
d = ImageDraw.Draw(pil_image)

for face_landmarks in face_landmarks_list:

  # Print the location of each facial feature in this image
  for facial_feature in face_landmarks.keys():
    print("The {} in this face has the following points: {}".format(facial_feature, face_landmarks[facial_feature]))

  # Let's trace out each facial feature in the image with a line!
  for facial_feature in face_landmarks.keys():
    d.line(face_landmarks[facial_feature], width=5)

# Show the picture
pil_image.show()

结果

I found 1 face(s) in this photograph.
The left_eyebrow in this face has the following points: [(305, 285), (321, 276), (340, 277), (360, 281), (377, 288)]
The right_eye in this face has the following points: [(422, 313), (432, 303), (446, 302), (459, 305), (449, 312), (435, 314)]
The nose_bridge in this face has the following points: [(394, 309), (394, 331), (395, 354), (396, 375)]
The right_eyebrow in this face has the following points: [(407, 287), (424, 278), (442, 273), (461, 272), (478, 279)]
The bottom_lip in this face has the following points: [(429, 409), (419, 421), (408, 428), (398, 430), (389, 429), (377, 424), (364, 412), (370, 413), (389, 414), (398, 415), (407, 413), (423, 411)]
The chin in this face has the following points: [(289, 295), (291, 323), (296, 351), (303, 378), (315, 403), (332, 428), (353, 448), (376, 464), (400, 467), (422, 461), (441, 444), (459, 425), (473, 403), (484, 377), (490, 351), (493, 323), (493, 296)]
The top_lip in this face has the following points: [(364, 412), (377, 407), (389, 403), (397, 406), (406, 402), (417, 405), (429, 409), (423, 411), (406, 412), (397, 414), (389, 413), (370, 413)]
The left_eye in this face has the following points: [(327, 308), (339, 304), (353, 306), (364, 314), (352, 317), (338, 316)]
The nose_tip in this face has the following points: [(375, 383), (386, 387), (396, 390), (407, 385), (416, 381)]

图片效果

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