Python使用requests xpath 并开启多线程爬取西刺代理ip实例


Posted in Python onMarch 06, 2020

我就废话不多说啦,大家还是直接看代码吧!

import requests,random
from lxml import etree
import threading
import time

angents = [
  "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
  "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)",
  "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)",
  "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20",
  "Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52",
]

def get_all_xici_urls(start_num,stop_num):
  xici_urls = []
  for num in range(start_num,len(stop_num)+1):
    xici_http_url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/'
    xici_http_url += str(num)
    xici_urls.append(xici_http_url)
  print('获取所有待爬取xici url 已完成...')
  return xici_urls
def get_all_http_ip(xici_http_url,headers,proxies_list):
  try:
    all_ip_xpath = '//table//tr/child::*[2]/text()'
    all_prot_xpath = '//table//tr/child::*[3]/text()'
    response = requests.get(url=xici_http_url,headers=headers)
    html_tree = etree.HTML(response.text)
    ip_list = html_tree.xpath(all_ip_xpath)
    port_list = html_tree.xpath(all_prot_xpath)
    # print(ip_list)
    # print(prot_list)
    new_proxies_list = []
    for index in range(1,len(ip_list)):
      # print('http://{}:{}'.format(ip_list[index],port_list[index]))
      proxies_dict = {}
      proxies_dict['http'] = 'http://{}:{}'.format(str(ip_list[index]),str(port_list[index]))
      new_proxies_list.append(proxies_dict)
    proxies_list += new_proxies_list
    return proxies_list
  except Exception as e:
    print('发生了错误:url为 ',xici_http_url,'错误为 ',e)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  start_num = int(input('请输入起始页面:').strip())
  stop_num = int(input('请输入结束页面:').strip())
  print('开始爬取...')
  t_list = []
  # 容纳需要使用的西刺代理ip
  proxies_list = []
  # 使用多线程
  xici_urls = get_all_xici_urls(start_num,stop_num)
  for xici_get_url in xici_urls:
    #随机筛选一个useragent
    headers = {'User-Agent': random.choice(angents)}
    t = threading.Thread(target=get_all_http_ip,args=(xici_get_url,headers,proxies_list))
    t.start()
    t_list.append(t)
  for j in t_list:
    j.join()
  print('所有需要的代理ip已爬取完成...')
  print(proxies_list)
  print(len(proxies_list))

补充知识:python爬取xici的免费代理、并验证(重点、清楚)

网上爬取xici的帖子很多,但是验证都说的不是很清楚,这里我会认真给大家解释

这里我写了一个代理类proxy,写了四个方法(个人写法不必在意),get_user_agent(得到随机use-agent,请求头中最重要的一个)、get_proxy(爬取代理IP)、test_proxy(验证代理可用性)、store_txt(将可用的代理保存到txt文件中。

1.爬取:headers是请求头,choice是可以选择是爬取Http代理还是https代理,first、end为开始和结束的页码(结束不包含最后一页)

def get_proxy(self, headers, choice='http', first=1, end=2):
    """
    获取代理
    :param choice:
    :param first: 开始爬取的页数
    :param end: 结束爬取的后一页
    :return:
    """
 
    ip_list = []
    base_url = None
    
    # 选择爬取的网站,一个是http、一个是https的
    if choice == 'http':
      base_url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/'
    elif choice == 'https':
      base_url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/wn/'
    
    # 控制页码用正则匹配,并将爬取的IP和端口号用:链接
    for n in range(first, end):
      actual_url = base_url + str(n)
      html = requests.get(url=actual_url, headers=headers).text
      pattern = '(\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+)</td>\s*<td>(\d+)'
      re_list = re.findall(pattern, html)
 
      for ip_port in re_list:
        ip_port = ip_port[0] + ':' + ip_port[1]
        ip_list.append(ip_port)
    return ip_list

2. 验证:网上大部分是用request直接请求一个网址看是否通过或者看状态码是否是200, 但是有一个问题是即使你设置了代理IP。可能会通过,但通过的不是用你设置的代理IP而是用你自己公网下的IP(大部分时候我们用ifconfig查询的是我们所在局域网下的IP,及私网IP)。

linux下你可以用这些命令的其中任何一个查看你的公网IP:

curl icanhazip.com
curl ifconfig.me
curl curlmyip.com
curl ip.appspot.com
curl ipinfo.io/ip
curl ipecho.net/plain
curl www.trackip.net/i

注意:那这样要怎么办,其实我们可以向上述命令一样先用你爬下的代理IP访问 http://icanhazip.com/, 它可以返回你电脑发送请求时的公网IP(此时如果你设置代理IP了就会是返回你所发送请求的代理IP),然后你将它爬取下来(直接获取返回的值的文本就可以了),并和你发送请求时的代理IP作比较,如果不相等说明此代理IP不能用,因为虽然你设置了代理Ip,但是电脑在你代理IP请求不同的情况下,直接又使用了你公网的IP去请求,当然成功了,但不代表你的代理IP可以用。如果相等,那就证明此网站就是你所用的代理IP访问请求成功的,所以此IP可用。

def test_proxy(self, ip_port, choice='http'):
    """
    测试代理是否能用
    :param ip_port:
    :param choice:
    :return:
    """
    proxies = None
 
    # 这个网站可以返回你公网下的IP,如果你加代理请求后,返回的就是你代理的IP(这样做是防止你虽然用的是代理IP,但实际是用你自己的公网IP访问的请求)
    tar_url = "http://icanhazip.com/"
 
    # 获取随机User-agent
    user_agent = self.get_user_agent()
 
    # 将user-agent放在headers中
    headers = {'User-Agent': user_agent}
 
    # 选择验证的是http、还是https
    if choice == 'http':
      proxies = {
        "http": "http://"+ip_port,
      }
 
    elif choice == 'https':
      proxies = {
        "https": "https://" + ip_port,
      }
 
    try:
      # 将IP从IP和端口号连起来的分出来
      thisIP = "".join(ip_port.split(":")[0:1])
      res = requests.get(tar_url, proxies=proxies, headers=headers, timeout=8)
 
      # 爬取下来返回的值,一定要用strip去除空格
      proxyIP = res.text.strip()
      
      # 三个状态,如过直接通不过,那就返回false,如果通过但是不是代理的IP,也返回false
      if proxyIP == thisIP:
        return proxyIP
      else:
        return False
    except:
      return False

最后附上整段代码:

import requests
import re
import random
import codecs
from urllib import parse
 
 
class proxy:
  """
  代理类
  """
  def __init__(self):
    pass
 
  def get_user_agent(self):
    """
    得到随机user-agent
    :return:
    """
    user_agents = [
      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)",
      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)",
      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20",
      "Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/2.0 Safari/536.11",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)",
      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.84 Safari/535.11 LBBROWSER",
      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; QQBrowser/7.0.3698.400)",
      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; 360SE)",
      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
      "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:2.0b13pre) Gecko/20110307 Firefox/4.0b13pre",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11",
      "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10"
    ]
    user_agent = random.choice(user_agents)
    return user_agent
 
 
  def get_proxy(self, headers, choice='http', first=1, end=2):
    """
    获取代理
    :param choice:
    :param first: 开始爬取的页数
    :param end: 结束爬取的后一页
    :return:
    """
 
    ip_list = []
    base_url = None
    if choice == 'http':
      base_url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/'
    elif choice == 'https':
      base_url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/wn/'
 
    for n in range(first, end):
      actual_url = base_url + str(n)
      html = requests.get(url=actual_url, headers=headers).text
      pattern = '(\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+)</td>\s*<td>(\d+)'
      re_list = re.findall(pattern, html)
 
      for ip_port in re_list:
        ip_port = ip_port[0] + ':' + ip_port[1]
        ip_list.append(ip_port)
    return ip_list
 
 
  def test_proxy(self, ip_port, choice='http'):
    """
    测试代理是否能用
    :param ip_port:
    :param choice:
    :return:
    """
    proxies = None
    # 这个网站可以返回你公网下的IP,如果你加代理请求后,返回的就是你代理的IP(这样做是防止你虽然用的是代理IP,但实际是用你自己的公网IP访问的请求)
    tar_url = "http://icanhazip.com/"
    user_agent = self.get_user_agent()
    headers = {'User-Agent': user_agent}
    if choice == 'http':
      proxies = {
        "http": "http://"+ip_port,
      }
 
    elif choice == 'https':
      proxies = {
        "https": "https://" + ip_port,
      }
    try:
      thisIP = "".join(ip_port.split(":")[0:1])
      res = requests.get(tar_url, proxies=proxies, headers=headers, timeout=8)
      proxyIP = res.text.strip()
      if proxyIP == thisIP:
        return proxyIP
      else:
        return False
    except:
      return False
 
  def store_txt(self, choice='http', first=1, end=2):
    """
    将测试通过的ip_port保存为txt文件
    :param choice:
    :param first:
    :param end:
    :return:
    """
    user_agent = self.get_user_agent()
    headers = {'User-Agent': user_agent}
    ip_list = self.get_proxy(headers=headers, choice=choice, first=first, end=end)
    with codecs.open("Http_Agent.txt", 'a', 'utf-8') as file:
      for ip_port in ip_list:
        ip_port = self.test_proxy(ip_port, choice=choice)
        print(ip_port)
        if ip_port:
          file.write('\'' + ip_port + "\'\n")

以上这篇Python使用requests xpath 并开启多线程爬取西刺代理ip实例就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持三水点靠木。

Python 相关文章推荐
python实现跨文件全局变量的方法
Jul 07 Python
Python运算符重载用法实例分析
Jun 01 Python
python抓取网页中链接的静态图片
Jan 29 Python
Python的numpy库中将矩阵转换为列表等函数的方法
Apr 04 Python
tensorflow使用神经网络实现mnist分类
Sep 08 Python
Python中的引用知识点总结
May 20 Python
详解Python 定时框架 Apscheduler原理及安装过程
Jun 14 Python
python调用Matplotlib绘制分布点图
Oct 18 Python
python实现身份证实名认证的方法实例
Nov 08 Python
keras得到每层的系数方式
Jun 15 Python
python三引号如何输入
Jul 06 Python
python中的被动信息搜集
Apr 29 Python
Python 批量读取文件中指定字符的实现
Mar 06 #Python
python GUI库图形界面开发之PyQt5布局控件QGridLayout详细使用方法与实例
Mar 06 #Python
python3 xpath和requests应用详解
Mar 06 #Python
python 装饰器功能与用法案例详解
Mar 06 #Python
python GUI库图形界面开发之PyQt5布局控件QVBoxLayout详细使用方法与实例
Mar 06 #Python
利用 Python ElementTree 生成 xml的实例
Mar 06 #Python
Python3 xml.etree.ElementTree支持的XPath语法详解
Mar 06 #Python
You might like
大师制作的中短波矿石收音机
2020/04/02 无线电
php抓取https的内容的代码
2010/04/06 PHP
PHP中uploaded_files函数使用方法详解
2011/03/09 PHP
PHP的Socket网络编程入门指引
2015/08/11 PHP
php array_reverse 以相反的顺序返回数组实例代码
2017/04/11 PHP
PHP并发场景的三种解决方案代码实例
2021/02/27 PHP
js DOM模型操作
2009/12/28 Javascript
jQuery实现列表自动循环滚动鼠标悬停时停止滚动
2013/09/06 Javascript
jquery等宽输出文字插件使用介绍
2013/09/18 Javascript
JS简单实现登陆验证附效果图
2013/11/19 Javascript
javascript中传统事件与现代事件
2015/06/23 Javascript
详解Bootstrap各式各样的按钮(推荐)
2016/12/13 Javascript
微信小程序 devtool隐藏的秘密
2017/01/21 Javascript
轻松实现jQuery添加删除按钮Click事件
2017/03/13 Javascript
详解angularJS动态生成的页面中ng-click无效解决办法
2017/06/19 Javascript
JavaScript:ES2019 的新特性(译)
2019/08/08 Javascript
jQuery实现的图片点击放大缩小功能案例
2020/01/02 jQuery
JavaScript函数重载操作实例浅析
2020/05/02 Javascript
Python中多线程thread与threading的实现方法
2014/08/18 Python
django 开发忘记密码通过邮箱找回功能示例
2018/04/17 Python
深入flask之异步非堵塞实现代码示例
2018/07/31 Python
在matplotlib的图中设置中文标签的方法
2018/12/13 Python
Python Django 页面上展示固定的页码数实现代码
2019/08/21 Python
Python class的继承方法代码实例
2020/02/14 Python
PyTorch的torch.cat用法
2020/06/28 Python
matplotlib图例legend语法及设置的方法
2020/07/28 Python
python实现快速文件格式批量转换的方法
2020/10/16 Python
html5调用摄像头功能的实现代码
2018/05/07 HTML / CSS
中国酒类在线零售网站:酒仙网
2016/08/20 全球购物
老海军美国官网:Old Navy
2016/09/05 全球购物
成人高等教育毕业生自我鉴定
2013/10/22 职场文书
承诺书的格式范文
2014/03/28 职场文书
商场主管竞聘书
2014/03/31 职场文书
四年级学生期末评语
2014/12/26 职场文书
庆元旦主持词
2015/07/06 职场文书
部分武汉产收音机展览
2022/04/07 无线电