详解Python发送email的三种方式

Python发送email的三种方式，分别为使用登录邮件服务器、使用smtp服务、调用sendmail命令来发送三种方法

Python发送email比较简单，可以通过登录邮件服务来发送，linux下也可以使用调用sendmail命令来发送，还可以使用本地或者是远程的smtp服务来发送邮件，不管是单个，群发，还是抄送都比较容易实现。本米扑博客先介绍几个最简单的发送邮件方式记录下，像html邮件，附件等也是支持的，需要时查文档即可。

一、登录邮件服务器

通过smtp登录第三方smtp邮箱发送邮件，支持 25 和 465端口

vim python_email_1.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
# author: mimvp.com
# 2015.10.05
 
 
import smtplib 
from email.mime.text import MIMEText 
  
smtpHost = 'smtp.exmail.qq.com' 
sender = '[e-mail]' 
password = "mimvp-password" 
receiver = '[e-mail]'
  
content = 'hello mimvp.com' 
msg = MIMEText(content) 
  
msg['Subject'] = 'email-subject' 
msg['From'] = sender 
msg['To'] = receiver 
  
## smtp port 25
smtpServer = smtplib.SMTP(smtpHost, 25)     # SMTP
smtpServer.login(sender, password) 
smtpServer.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string()) 
smtpServer.quit() 
print 'send success by port 25' 
 
## smtp ssl port 465
smtpServer = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtpHost, 465)  # SMTP_SSL
smtpServer.login(sender, password) 
smtpServer.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string()) 
smtpServer.quit() 
print 'send success by port 465'

执行命令：

$ python python_email_1.py 
send success by port 25
send success by port 465

发送结果，会收到两封邮件，截图其中一份邮件如下图：

二、使用smtp服务

测试失败，略过或留言指正

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
# author: mimvp.com
# 2015.10.05
 
 
import smtplib 
from email.mime.text import MIMEText 
import subprocess
  
smtpHost = 'smtp.exmail.qq.com' 
sender = '[e-mail]' 
password = "mimvp-password" 
receiver = '[e-mail]'
  
content = 'hello mimvp.com' 
msg = MIMEText(content)  
  
  
 
if __name__ == "__main__":  
  p = subprocess.Popen(['/usr/sbin/sendmail', '-t'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE) 
  print(str(p.communicate()))
  p_res = str(p.communicate()[0])
  msg = MIMEText(p_res)
 
  msg["From"] = sender 
  msg["To"] = receiver 
  msg["Subject"] = "hello mimvp.com" 
  s = smtplib.SMTP(smtpHost) 
  s.login(sender, password)
  s.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string()) 
  s.quit() 
  print 'send success'

三、调用sendmail命令

调用本机linux自身sendmail服务发送邮件，不需要启动sendmail后台进程，不需要发送者登录，邮件发送者可以是任意名字，没有限制。

特别注意：sendmail 命令发送邮件，默认用25端口号，由于阿里云、腾讯云等封禁了25端口号，因此本示例需在开通25端口机器上测试

vim python_email_3.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
# author: mimvp.com
# 2015.10.05
 
 
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
import commands
 
import sys 
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
 
def send_mail(sender, recevier, subject, html_content):
    msg = MIMEText(html_content, 'html', 'utf-8')
    msg["From"] = sender
    msg["To"] = recevier
    msg["Subject"] = subject
    p = Popen(["/usr/sbin/sendmail", "-t"], stdin=PIPE)
    p.communicate(msg.as_string())
 
 
sender = '[e-mail]'
recevier = '[e-mail]'
subject = 'sendmail-subject'
html_content = 'hello mimvp.com'
send_mail(sender, recevier, subject, html_content)

执行命令：

python python_email_3.py

收件结果：

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