Django实现组合搜索的方法示例


Posted in Python onJanuary 23, 2018

一、实现方法

1.纯模板语言实现

2.自定义simpletag实现(本质是简化了纯模板语言的判断)

二、基本原理

原理都是通过django路由系统,匹配url筛选条件,将筛选条件作为数据库查询结果,返回给前端。

例如:路由系统中的url格式是这样:

url(r'^article-(?P<article_type_id>\d+)-(?P<category_id>\d+).html',views.filter)

其中article_type_id和category_id和数据库中字段是相对应的,此时当一个url为article-1-2.html时候,后台处理函数的参数将是一个字典{'article_type_id': 1, 'category_id': 1},然后将该条件作为数据库查询条件,最后得出结果返回给前端

三、代码样例

方法1:纯模板语言实现

urls.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
#Author:wd
from django.conf.urls import url

from . import views
urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^$',views.index),
  url(r'^article-(?P<article_type_id>\d+)-(?P<category_id>\d+).html',views.filter),
]

models.py

from django.db import models

class Category(models.Model):
  caption=models.CharField(max_length=64)

class Article_type(models.Model):
  caption=models.CharField(max_length=64)

class Article(models.Model):
  title=models.CharField(max_length=64)
  content=models.CharField(max_length=256)
  category=models.ForeignKey(to='Category')
  article_type=models.ForeignKey(to='Article_type'

views.py

def filter(request,*args,**kwargs):
  if request.method=="GET":
    condition={}
    for k,v in kwargs.items():
          kwargs[k]=int(v) #模板if判断row.id是数字,所以这里需要转换
          if v=="0":#当条件为0代表所选的是全部,那么就不必要加入到过滤条件中
            pass
          else:
            condition[k]=int(v)
    aritcle=models.Article.objects.filter(**condition)
    aritcle_type=models.Article_type.objects.all()
    aritcle_category=models.Category.objects.all()
    return render(request,'search.html',{
      'aritcle':aritcle,
      'article_type':aritcle_type,
      'article_category':aritcle_category,
      'article_arg':kwargs,#将当前的筛选条件传递给html
    })

html模板

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
  <style>
    .container a{
      display: inline-block;
      padding: 3px 5px;
      margin: 5px;
      border: 1px solid #dddddd ;
    }
    .active{
      background-color: rebeccapurple;

    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>搜索条件</h1>
<div class="container">
  {% if article_arg.article_type_id == 0 %}
    <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% else %}
     <a href="/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% endif %}
  {% for row in article_type %}
    {% if row.id == article_arg.article_type_id %}
      <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% else %}
      <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}
</div>
<div class="container">
   {% if article_arg.category_id == 0 %}
    <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-0.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% else %}
     <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-0.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% endif %}
  {% for row in article_category %}
    {% if row.id == article_arg.category_id %}
    <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% else %}
    <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}
</div>
<h1>查询结果</h1>
<div>
  {% for row in aritcle %}
    <div>{{ row.id }}-{{ row.title }}</div>
  {% endfor %}
</div>
</body>
</html>

方法二:使用simpletag实现

定义simpletag

myfilter.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
#Author:wd
from django import template
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe

register=template.Library()
@register.simple_tag
def filter_all(article_arg,condition):
  '''
  处理条件为全部
  :param article_arg: 当前url字典:如{'article_type_id': 1, 'category_id': 1}
  :param condition: 要处理的条件,如article_type_id,用于区分当前处理选择了那个全部
  :return: 返回下面页面形式
  {% if article_arg.article_type_id == 0 %}
    <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% else %}
     <a href="/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% endif %}
  {% for row in article_type %}
    {% if row.id == article_arg.article_type_id %}
      <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% else %}
      <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}
  '''
  if condition=='article_type_id':
    if article_arg[condition]==0:
      print(article_arg['category_id'])
      res= '<a class ="active" href="/cmdb/article-0-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg['category_id']
    else:
      res = '<a href="/cmdb/article-0-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg['category_id']
    return mark_safe(res)
  elif condition=='category_id':
    if article_arg['category_id']==0:
      res = '<a class ="active" href="/cmdb/article-%s-0.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg['article_type_id']
    else:
      res = '<a href="/cmdb/article-%s-0.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg['article_type_id']
    return mark_safe(res)

@register.simple_tag
def filter_type(article_type,article_arg):
  '''
  :param article_type: article_type对象
  :param article_arg: 当前url字典
  :return: 
  {% for row in article_type %}
    {% if row.id == article_arg.article_type_id %}
      <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% else %}
      <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}
   '''
  res=[]
  for row in article_type:
    if row.id== article_arg['article_type_id']:
      temp='<a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' %(row.id,article_arg['category_id'],row.caption)
    else:
      temp = '<a href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' % (row.id, article_arg['category_id'],row.caption)
    res.append(temp)
  return mark_safe("".join(res))

@register.simple_tag
def filter_category(article_category,article_arg):
  '''
  :param article_type: article_category对象
  :param article_arg: 当前url字典
  :return: 
  {% for row in article_category %}
    {% if row.id == article_arg.category_id %}
    <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% else %}
    <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}
   '''
  res=[]
  for row in article_category:
    if row.id== article_arg['category_id']:
      temp='<a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' %(article_arg['article_type_id'],row.id,row.caption)
    else:
      temp = '<a href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' % (article_arg['article_type_id'],row.id,row.caption)
    res.append(temp)
  return mark_safe("".join(res))

html模板

{% load myfilter %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
  <style>
    .container a{
      display: inline-block;
      padding: 3px 5px;
      margin: 5px;
      border: 1px solid #dddddd ;
    }
    .active{
      background-color: rebeccapurple;

    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>搜索条件</h1>
<div class="container">
  {% filter_all article_arg 'article_type_id' %}
  {% filter_type article_type article_arg %}
</div>
<div class="container">
  {% filter_all article_arg 'category_id' %}
  {% filter_category article_category article_arg %}
</div>
<h1>查询结果</h1>
<div>
  {% for row in aritcle %}
    <div>{{ row.id }}-{{ row.title }}</div>
  {% endfor %}
</div>
</body>
</html>

ps附上简图:

Django实现组合搜索的方法示例

四、其他变化

在如上的示例中,我们的过滤条件是从数据库中拿到,有时候我们定义的时候使用的是静态字段,此时组合搜索会稍微修改。

1.model定义

class Article(models.Model):
  title=models.CharField(max_length=64)
  content=models.CharField(max_length=256)
  category=models.ForeignKey(to='Category')
  article_type=(  #使用静态字段放入内存
    (1,'linux'),
    (2,'python'),
    (3,'go'),
  )

2.处理函数变化

###获取####
aritcle_type=models.Article.article_type#直接获取类的静态字段

3.simpletag相应改变

###由于我们传递的元祖,所以取值使用元祖方式
article_type[0]# 筛选条件id
article_type[1]# 筛选条件名称

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持三水点靠木。

Python 相关文章推荐
Python3基础之条件与循环控制实例解析
Aug 13 Python
Python实现的简单文件传输服务器和客户端
Apr 08 Python
python爬取NUS-WIDE数据库图片
Oct 05 Python
Python turtle绘画象棋棋盘
Aug 21 Python
python模块hashlib(加密服务)知识点讲解
Nov 25 Python
关于win10在tensorflow的安装及在pycharm中运行步骤详解
Mar 16 Python
基于matplotlib xticks用法详解
Apr 16 Python
Pytorch通过保存为ONNX模型转TensorRT5的实现
May 25 Python
Python如何输出百分比
Jul 31 Python
Python Django路径配置实现过程解析
Nov 05 Python
Django基于Models定制Admin后台实现过程解析
Nov 11 Python
python单例模式的应用场景实例讲解
Feb 24 Python
50行Python代码实现人脸检测功能
Jan 23 #Python
Python基于OpenCV实现视频的人脸检测
Jan 23 #Python
Python求出0~100以内的所有素数
Jan 23 #Python
python之matplotlib学习绘制动态更新图实例代码
Jan 23 #Python
彻底搞懂Python字符编码
Jan 23 #Python
Python实现PS滤镜的万花筒效果示例
Jan 23 #Python
python处理csv数据动态显示曲线实例代码
Jan 23 #Python
You might like
Syphon 使用方法
2021/03/03 冲泡冲煮
PHP获取和操作配置文件php.ini的几个函数介绍
2013/06/24 PHP
php格式化金额函数分享
2015/02/02 PHP
最新版本PHP 7 vs HHVM 多角度比较
2016/02/14 PHP
Linux服务器下PHPMailer发送邮件失败的问题解决
2017/03/04 PHP
Laravel+Intervention实现上传图片功能示例
2019/07/09 PHP
一个轻量级的javascript库 pj介绍
2010/12/19 Javascript
js控制表单操作的常用代码小结
2013/08/15 Javascript
jQuery操作元素css样式的三种方法
2014/06/04 Javascript
js动态添加onclick事件可传参数与不传参数
2014/07/29 Javascript
举例简介AngularJS的内部语言环境
2015/06/17 Javascript
每天一篇javascript学习小结(Function对象)
2015/11/16 Javascript
javascript 广告移动特效的实现代码
2016/06/25 Javascript
深入浅析Vue组件开发
2016/11/25 Javascript
ES5学习教程之Array对象
2017/04/01 Javascript
jQuery实现遍历XML节点和属性的方法示例
2018/04/29 jQuery
Angular脚手架开发的实现步骤
2019/04/09 Javascript
微信小程序 轮播图实现原理及优化详解
2019/09/29 Javascript
jquery实现上传文件进度条
2020/03/26 jQuery
python实现博客文章爬虫示例
2014/02/26 Python
Swift 3.0在集合类数据结构上的一些新变化总结
2016/07/11 Python
python 开发的三种运行模式详细介绍
2017/01/18 Python
python 获取文件下所有文件或目录os.walk()的实例
2018/04/23 Python
tensorflow的ckpt及pb模型持久化方式及转化详解
2020/02/12 Python
python中setuptools的作用是什么
2020/06/19 Python
django序列化时使用外键的真实值操作
2020/07/15 Python
基于Python正确读取资源文件
2020/09/14 Python
python 进程池pool使用详解
2020/10/15 Python
Spartoo美国:欧洲排名第一的在线时装零售商
2019/12/12 全球购物
机电一体化求职信
2014/03/10 职场文书
挂牌仪式主持词
2014/03/20 职场文书
2014年话务员工作总结
2014/11/19 职场文书
初中学生操行评语
2014/12/26 职场文书
新党员入党决心书
2015/09/22 职场文书
如何做好员工培训计划?
2019/07/09 职场文书
MySQL时间设置注意事项的深入总结
2021/05/06 MySQL