Django实现组合搜索的方法示例


Posted in Python onJanuary 23, 2018

一、实现方法

1.纯模板语言实现

2.自定义simpletag实现(本质是简化了纯模板语言的判断)

二、基本原理

原理都是通过django路由系统,匹配url筛选条件,将筛选条件作为数据库查询结果,返回给前端。

例如:路由系统中的url格式是这样:

url(r'^article-(?P<article_type_id>\d+)-(?P<category_id>\d+).html',views.filter)

其中article_type_id和category_id和数据库中字段是相对应的,此时当一个url为article-1-2.html时候,后台处理函数的参数将是一个字典{'article_type_id': 1, 'category_id': 1},然后将该条件作为数据库查询条件,最后得出结果返回给前端

三、代码样例

方法1:纯模板语言实现

urls.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
#Author:wd
from django.conf.urls import url

from . import views
urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^$',views.index),
  url(r'^article-(?P<article_type_id>\d+)-(?P<category_id>\d+).html',views.filter),
]

models.py

from django.db import models

class Category(models.Model):
  caption=models.CharField(max_length=64)

class Article_type(models.Model):
  caption=models.CharField(max_length=64)

class Article(models.Model):
  title=models.CharField(max_length=64)
  content=models.CharField(max_length=256)
  category=models.ForeignKey(to='Category')
  article_type=models.ForeignKey(to='Article_type'

views.py

def filter(request,*args,**kwargs):
  if request.method=="GET":
    condition={}
    for k,v in kwargs.items():
          kwargs[k]=int(v) #模板if判断row.id是数字,所以这里需要转换
          if v=="0":#当条件为0代表所选的是全部,那么就不必要加入到过滤条件中
            pass
          else:
            condition[k]=int(v)
    aritcle=models.Article.objects.filter(**condition)
    aritcle_type=models.Article_type.objects.all()
    aritcle_category=models.Category.objects.all()
    return render(request,'search.html',{
      'aritcle':aritcle,
      'article_type':aritcle_type,
      'article_category':aritcle_category,
      'article_arg':kwargs,#将当前的筛选条件传递给html
    })

html模板

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
  <style>
    .container a{
      display: inline-block;
      padding: 3px 5px;
      margin: 5px;
      border: 1px solid #dddddd ;
    }
    .active{
      background-color: rebeccapurple;

    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>搜索条件</h1>
<div class="container">
  {% if article_arg.article_type_id == 0 %}
    <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% else %}
     <a href="/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% endif %}
  {% for row in article_type %}
    {% if row.id == article_arg.article_type_id %}
      <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% else %}
      <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}
</div>
<div class="container">
   {% if article_arg.category_id == 0 %}
    <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-0.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% else %}
     <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-0.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% endif %}
  {% for row in article_category %}
    {% if row.id == article_arg.category_id %}
    <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% else %}
    <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}
</div>
<h1>查询结果</h1>
<div>
  {% for row in aritcle %}
    <div>{{ row.id }}-{{ row.title }}</div>
  {% endfor %}
</div>
</body>
</html>

方法二:使用simpletag实现

定义simpletag

myfilter.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
#Author:wd
from django import template
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe

register=template.Library()
@register.simple_tag
def filter_all(article_arg,condition):
  '''
  处理条件为全部
  :param article_arg: 当前url字典:如{'article_type_id': 1, 'category_id': 1}
  :param condition: 要处理的条件,如article_type_id,用于区分当前处理选择了那个全部
  :return: 返回下面页面形式
  {% if article_arg.article_type_id == 0 %}
    <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% else %}
     <a href="/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
  {% endif %}
  {% for row in article_type %}
    {% if row.id == article_arg.article_type_id %}
      <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% else %}
      <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}
  '''
  if condition=='article_type_id':
    if article_arg[condition]==0:
      print(article_arg['category_id'])
      res= '<a class ="active" href="/cmdb/article-0-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg['category_id']
    else:
      res = '<a href="/cmdb/article-0-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg['category_id']
    return mark_safe(res)
  elif condition=='category_id':
    if article_arg['category_id']==0:
      res = '<a class ="active" href="/cmdb/article-%s-0.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg['article_type_id']
    else:
      res = '<a href="/cmdb/article-%s-0.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg['article_type_id']
    return mark_safe(res)

@register.simple_tag
def filter_type(article_type,article_arg):
  '''
  :param article_type: article_type对象
  :param article_arg: 当前url字典
  :return: 
  {% for row in article_type %}
    {% if row.id == article_arg.article_type_id %}
      <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% else %}
      <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}
   '''
  res=[]
  for row in article_type:
    if row.id== article_arg['article_type_id']:
      temp='<a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' %(row.id,article_arg['category_id'],row.caption)
    else:
      temp = '<a href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' % (row.id, article_arg['category_id'],row.caption)
    res.append(temp)
  return mark_safe("".join(res))

@register.simple_tag
def filter_category(article_category,article_arg):
  '''
  :param article_type: article_category对象
  :param article_arg: 当前url字典
  :return: 
  {% for row in article_category %}
    {% if row.id == article_arg.category_id %}
    <a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% else %}
    <a href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}
   '''
  res=[]
  for row in article_category:
    if row.id== article_arg['category_id']:
      temp='<a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' %(article_arg['article_type_id'],row.id,row.caption)
    else:
      temp = '<a href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' % (article_arg['article_type_id'],row.id,row.caption)
    res.append(temp)
  return mark_safe("".join(res))

html模板

{% load myfilter %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
  <style>
    .container a{
      display: inline-block;
      padding: 3px 5px;
      margin: 5px;
      border: 1px solid #dddddd ;
    }
    .active{
      background-color: rebeccapurple;

    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>搜索条件</h1>
<div class="container">
  {% filter_all article_arg 'article_type_id' %}
  {% filter_type article_type article_arg %}
</div>
<div class="container">
  {% filter_all article_arg 'category_id' %}
  {% filter_category article_category article_arg %}
</div>
<h1>查询结果</h1>
<div>
  {% for row in aritcle %}
    <div>{{ row.id }}-{{ row.title }}</div>
  {% endfor %}
</div>
</body>
</html>

ps附上简图:

Django实现组合搜索的方法示例

四、其他变化

在如上的示例中,我们的过滤条件是从数据库中拿到,有时候我们定义的时候使用的是静态字段,此时组合搜索会稍微修改。

1.model定义

class Article(models.Model):
  title=models.CharField(max_length=64)
  content=models.CharField(max_length=256)
  category=models.ForeignKey(to='Category')
  article_type=(  #使用静态字段放入内存
    (1,'linux'),
    (2,'python'),
    (3,'go'),
  )

2.处理函数变化

###获取####
aritcle_type=models.Article.article_type#直接获取类的静态字段

3.simpletag相应改变

###由于我们传递的元祖,所以取值使用元祖方式
article_type[0]# 筛选条件id
article_type[1]# 筛选条件名称

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持三水点靠木。

Python 相关文章推荐
Python 正则表达式操作指南
May 04 Python
python读文件逐行处理的示例代码分享
Dec 27 Python
python使用百度翻译进行中翻英示例
Apr 14 Python
跟老齐学Python之??碌某?? target=
Sep 12 Python
python安装cx_Oracle模块常见问题与解决方法
Feb 21 Python
Python中正则表达式详解
May 17 Python
使用python在本地电脑上快速处理数据
Jun 22 Python
django实现web接口 python3模拟Post请求方式
Nov 19 Python
在tensorflow中设置保存checkpoint的最大数量实例
Jan 21 Python
python实现坦克大战
Apr 24 Python
Django 设置admin后台表和App(应用)为中文名的操作方法
May 10 Python
openCV提取图像中的矩形区域
Jul 21 Python
50行Python代码实现人脸检测功能
Jan 23 #Python
Python基于OpenCV实现视频的人脸检测
Jan 23 #Python
Python求出0~100以内的所有素数
Jan 23 #Python
python之matplotlib学习绘制动态更新图实例代码
Jan 23 #Python
彻底搞懂Python字符编码
Jan 23 #Python
Python实现PS滤镜的万花筒效果示例
Jan 23 #Python
python处理csv数据动态显示曲线实例代码
Jan 23 #Python
You might like
用文本文件制作留言板提示(上)
2006/10/09 PHP
PHP实现权限管理功能示例
2017/09/22 PHP
PHP中的访问修饰符简单比较
2019/02/02 PHP
扩展jquery实现客户端表格的分页、排序功能代码
2011/03/16 Javascript
仿新浪微博返回顶部的jquery实现代码
2012/10/01 Javascript
jquery自定义滚动条插件示例分享
2014/02/21 Javascript
jquery操作checkbox示例分享
2014/07/21 Javascript
js创建表单元素并使用submit进行提交
2014/08/14 Javascript
javascript比较两个日期相差天数的方法
2015/07/23 Javascript
Nodejs的express使用教程
2015/11/23 NodeJs
jQuery前端开发35个小技巧
2016/05/24 Javascript
Web程序员必备的7个JavaScript函数
2016/06/14 Javascript
jQuery实现页面顶部下拉广告
2016/12/30 Javascript
js 将input框中的输入自动转化成半角大写(税号输入框)
2017/02/16 Javascript
详解使用JS如何制作简单的ASCII图与单极图
2017/03/31 Javascript
自定义事件解决重复请求BUG的问题
2017/07/11 Javascript
nodejs async异步常用函数总结(推荐)
2017/11/17 NodeJs
JS实现常见的查找、排序、去重算法示例
2018/05/21 Javascript
详解swiper在vue中的应用(以3.0为例)
2018/09/20 Javascript
详解javascript replace高级用法
2019/02/17 Javascript
详解vue移动端项目代码拆分记录
2019/03/15 Javascript
如何在Angular8.0下使用ngx-translate进行国际化配置
2019/07/24 Javascript
为nuxt项目写一个面包屑cli工具实现自动生成页面与面包屑配置
2019/09/29 Javascript
Nodejs技巧之Exceljs表格操作用法示例
2019/11/06 NodeJs
k8s node节点重新加入master集群的实现
2021/02/22 Javascript
Python爬虫——爬取豆瓣电影Top250代码实例
2019/04/17 Python
PyQt5根据控件Id获取控件对象的方法
2019/06/25 Python
在django中实现页面倒数几秒后自动跳转的例子
2019/08/16 Python
详解有关PyCharm安装库失败的问题的解决方法
2020/02/02 Python
Python面向对象程序设计之私有变量,私有方法原理与用法分析
2020/03/23 Python
荷兰DOD药房中文官网:DeOnlineDrogist
2020/12/27 全球购物
工地资料员岗位职责
2013/12/31 职场文书
学校运动会广播稿范文
2014/10/02 职场文书
个人简历求职信范文
2015/03/20 职场文书
离婚被告答辩状
2015/05/22 职场文书
工资证明格式模板
2015/06/12 职场文书