PHP5.5新特性之yield理解与用法实例分析

本文实例讲述了PHP5.5新特性之yield理解与用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

yield生成器是php5.5之后出现的，yield提供了一种更容易的方法来实现简单的迭代对象，相比较定义类实现 Iterator 接口的方式，性能开销和复杂性大大降低。

yield生成器允许你 在 foreach 代码块中写代码来迭代一组数据而不需要在内存中创建一个数组。

使用示例：

/**
 * 计算平方数列
 * @param $start
 * @param $stop
 * @return Generator
 */
function squares($start, $stop) {
  if ($start < $stop) {
    for ($i = $start; $i <= $stop; $i++) {
      yield $i => $i * $i;
    }
  }
  else {
    for ($i = $start; $i >= $stop; $i--) {
      yield $i => $i * $i; //迭代生成数组： 键=》值
    }
  }
}
foreach (squares(3, 15) as $n => $square) {
  echo $n . 'squared is' . $square . '<br>';
}

输出：

    3 squared is 9
    4 squared is 16
    5 squared is 25
    ...

示例2：

//对某一数组进行加权处理
$numbers = array('nike' => 200, 'jordan' => 500, 'adiads' => 800);
//通常方法，如果是百万级别的访问量，这种方法会占用极大内存
function rand_weight($numbers)
{
  $total = 0;
  foreach ($numbers as $number => $weight) {
    $total += $weight;
    $distribution[$number] = $total;
  }
  $rand = mt_rand(0, $total-1);
  foreach ($distribution as $num => $weight) {
    if ($rand < $weight) return $num;
  }
}
//改用yield生成器
function mt_rand_weight($numbers) {
  $total = 0;
  foreach ($numbers as $number => $weight) {
    $total += $weight;
    yield $number => $total;
  }
}
function mt_rand_generator($numbers)
{
  $total = array_sum($numbers);
  $rand = mt_rand(0, $total -1);
  foreach (mt_rand_weight($numbers) as $num => $weight) {
    if ($rand < $weight) return $num;
  }
}

希望本文所述对大家PHP程序设计有所帮助。