目录
背景
在配置中心增加权限功能
- 目前配置中心已经包含了单点登录功能,可以通过统一页面进行登录,登录完会将用户写入用户表
- RBAC的用户、角色、权限表CRUD、授权等都已经完成
- 希望不用用户再次登录,就可以使用SpringSecurity的权限控制
Spring Security
Spring Security最主要的两个功能:认证和授权
功能 | 解决的问题 | Spring Security中主要类 |
---|---|---|
认证(Authentication) | 你是谁 | AuthenticationManager |
授权(Authorization) | 你可以做什么 | AuthorizationManager |
实现
在这先简单了解一下Spring Security的架构是怎样的,如何可以认证和授权的
过滤器大家应该都了解,这属于Servlet的范畴,Servlet 过滤器可以动态地拦截请求和响应,以变换或使用包含在请求或响应中的信息
DelegatingFilterProxy是一个属于Spring Security的过滤器
通过这个过滤器,Spring Security就可以从Request中获取URL来判断是不是需要认证才能访问,是不是得拥有特定的权限才能访问。
已经有了单点登录页面,Spring Security怎么登录,不登录可以拿到权限吗
Spring Security官方文档-授权架构中这样说,GrantedAuthority(也就是拥有的权限)被AuthenticationManager写入Authentication对象,后而被AuthorizationManager用来做权限认证
The GrantedAuthority objects are inserted into the Authentication object by the AuthenticationManager and are later read by either the AuthorizationManager when making authorization decisions.
为了解决我们的问题,即使我只想用权限认证功能,也得造出一个Authentication,先看下这个对象:
Authentication
Authentication包含三个字段:
- principal,代表用户
- credentials,用户密码
- authorities,拥有的权限
有两个作用:
- AuthenticationManager的入参,仅仅是用来存用户的信息,准备去认证
- AuthenticationManager的出参,已经认证的用户信息,可以从SecurityContext获取
SecurityContext和SecurityContextHolder用来存储Authentication, 通常是用了线程全局变量ThreadLocal, 也就是认证完成把Authentication放入SecurityContext,后续在整个同线程流程中都可以获取认证信息,也方便了认证
继续分析
看到这可以得到,要实现不登录的权限认证,只需要手动造一个Authentication,然后放入SecurityContext就可以了,先尝试一下,大概流程是这样,在每个请求上
- 获取sso登录的用户
- 读取用户、角色、权限写入Authentication
- 将Authentication写入SecurityContext
- 请求完毕时将SecurityContext清空,因为是ThreadLocal的,不然可能会被别的用户用到
- 同时Spring Security的配置中是对所有的url都允许访问的
加了一个过滤器,代码如下:
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
@WebFilter( urlPatterns = "/*", filterName = "reqResFilter" )
public class ReqResFilter implements Filter{
@Autowired
private SSOUtils ssoUtils;
@Autowired
private UserManager userManager;
@Autowired
private RoleManager roleManager;
@Override
public void init( FilterConfig filterConfig ) throws ServletException{
}
@Override
public void doFilter( ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain )
throws IOException, ServletException{
setAuthentication(servletRequest);
filterChain.doFilter( servletRequest, servletResponse );
clearAuthentication();
}
@Override
public void destroy(){
}
private void setAuthentication( ServletRequest request ){
Map<String, String> data;
try{
data = ssoUtils.getLoginData( ( HttpServletRequest )request );
}
catch( Exception e ){
data = new HashMap<>();
data.put( "name", "visitor" );
}
String username = data.get( "name" );
if( username != null ){
userManager.findAndInsert( username );
}
List<Role> userRole = userManager.findUserRole( username );
List<Long> roleIds = userRole.stream().map( Role::getId ).collect( Collectors.toList() );
List<Permission> rolePermission = roleManager.findRolePermission( roleIds );
List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities = rolePermission.stream().map( one -> new SimpleGrantedAuthority( one.getName() ) ).collect(
Collectors.toList() );
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken( username, "", authorities );
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication( authenticationToken );
}
private void clearAuthentication(){
SecurityContextHolder.clearContext();
}
}
从日志可以看出,Principal: visitor,当访问未授权的接口被拒绝了
16:04:07.429 [http-nio-8081-exec-9] DEBUG org.springframework.security.access.intercept.aopalliance.MethodSecurityInterceptor - Previously Authenticated: org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken@cc4c6ea0: Principal: visitor; Credentials: [PROTECTED]; Authenticated: true; Details: null; Granted Authorities: CHANGE_USER_ROLE, CHANGE_ROLE_PERMISSION, ROLE_ADD
...
org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException: 不允许访问
结论
不登录是可以使用Spring Security的权限,从功能上是没有问题的,但存在一些别的问题
- 性能问题,每个请求都需要请求用户角色权限数据库,当然可以利用缓存优化
- 我们写的过滤器其实也是Spring Security做的事,除此之外,它做了更多的事,比如结合HttpSession, Remember me这些功能
我们可以采取另外一种做法,对用户来说只登录一次就行,我们仍然是可以手动用代码再去登录一次Spring Security的
如何手动登录Spring Security
How to login user from java code in Spring Security? 从这篇文章从可以看到,只要通过以下代码即可
private void loginInSpringSecurity( String username, String password ){
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken loginToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken( username, password );
Authentication authenticatedUser = authenticationManager.authenticate( loginToken );
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication( authenticatedUser );
}
和上面我们直接拿已经认证过的用户对比,这段代码让Spring Security来执行认证步骤,不过需要配置额外的AuthenticationManager和UserDetailsServiceImpl,这两个配置只是AuthenticationManager的一种实现,和上面的流程区别不大,目的就是为了拿到用户的信息和权限进行认证
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService{
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger( UserDetailsServiceImpl.class );
@Autowired
private UserManager userManager;
@Autowired
private RoleManager roleManager;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername( String username ) throws UsernameNotFoundException{
User user = userManager.findByName( username );
if( user == null ){
logger.info( "登录用户[{}]没注册!", username );
throw new UsernameNotFoundException( "登录用户[" + username + "]没注册!" );
}
return new org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User( user.getUsername(), "", getAuthority( username ) );
}
private List<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthority( String username ){
List<Role> userRole = userManager.findUserRole( username );
List<Long> roleIds = userRole.stream().map( Role::getId ).collect( Collectors.toList() );
List<Permission> rolePermission = roleManager.findRolePermission( roleIds );
return rolePermission.stream().map( one -> new SimpleGrantedAuthority( one.getName() ) ).collect( Collectors.toList() );
}
}
@Override
@Bean
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception{
DaoAuthenticationProvider daoAuthenticationProvider = new DaoAuthenticationProvider();
daoAuthenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService( userDetailsService );
daoAuthenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder( NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance() );
return new ProviderManager( daoAuthenticationProvider );
}
结论
通过这样的方式,同样实现了权限认证,同时Spring Security会将用户信息和权限缓存到了Session中,这样就不用每次去数据库获取
总结
可以通过两种方式来实现不登录使用SpringSecurity的权限功能
- 手动组装认证过的Authentication直接写到SecurityContext,需要我们自己使用过滤器控制写入和清除
- 手动组装未认证过的Authentication,并交给Spring Security认证,并写入SecurityContext
附
Spring Security是如何配置的,因为只使用权限功能,所有允许所有的路径访问(我们的单点登录会限制接口的访问)
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.NoOpPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfigurationSource;
import org.springframework.web.cors.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
@Autowired
private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
@Override
protected void configure( HttpSecurity http ) throws Exception{
http
.cors()
.and()
.csrf()
.disable()
.sessionManagement()
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest()
.permitAll()
.and()
.exceptionHandling()
.accessDeniedHandler( new SimpleAccessDeniedHandler() );
}
@Override
@Bean
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception{
DaoAuthenticationProvider daoAuthenticationProvider = new DaoAuthenticationProvider();
daoAuthenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService( userDetailsService );
daoAuthenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder( NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance() );
return new ProviderManager( daoAuthenticationProvider );
}
@Bean
public CorsConfigurationSource corsConfigurationSource(){
CorsConfiguration configuration = new CorsConfiguration();
configuration.setAllowedOrigins( Collections.singletonList( "*" ) );
configuration.setAllowedMethods( Arrays.asList( "GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS" ) );
configuration.setAllowCredentials( true );
configuration.setAllowedHeaders( Collections.singletonList( "*" ) );
configuration.setMaxAge( 3600L );
UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
source.registerCorsConfiguration( "/**", configuration );
return source;
}
}
参考
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Spring Security使用单点登录的权限功能
- Author -
songtianer- Original Sources -
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