python 发送邮件的四种方法汇总

这里针对smtplib做了一系列封装，可以完成以下四种场景：

• 发送纯文本的邮件
• 发送html页面的邮件
• 发送带附件文件的邮件
• 发送能展示图片的邮件

以上四种场景，已经做好了二次封装，经测试OK，使用时直接传入对应参数即可，直接上代码

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart


class SendEMail(object):
  """封装发送邮件类"""

  def __init__(self, host, port, msg_from, pwd):

    self.msg_from = msg_from
    self.password = pwd

    # 邮箱服务器地址和端口
    self.smtp_s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(host=host, port=port)

    # 发送方邮箱账号和授权码
    self.smtp_s.login(user=msg_from, password=pwd)

  def send_text(self, to_user, content, subject, content_type='plain'):
    """
    发送文本邮件
    :param to_user: 对方邮箱
    :param content: 邮件正文
    :param subject: 邮件主题
    :param content_type: 内容格式：'plain' or 'html'
    :return:
    """
    msg = MIMEText(content, _subtype=content_type, _charset="utf8")

    msg["From"] = self.msg_from
    msg["To"] = to_user
    msg["subject"] = subject

    self.smtp_s.send_message(msg, from_addr=self.msg_from, to_addrs=to_user)

  def send_file(self, to_user, content, subject, reports_path, filename, content_type='plain'):
    """
    发送带文件的邮件
    :param to_user: 对方邮箱
    :param content: 邮件正文
    :param subject: 邮件主题
    :param reports_path: 文件路径
    :param filename: 邮件中显示的文件名称
    :param content_type: 内容格式
    """

    file_content = open(reports_path, "rb").read()

    msg = MIMEMultipart()

    text_msg = MIMEText(content, _subtype=content_type, _charset="utf8")
    msg.attach(text_msg)

    file_msg = MIMEApplication(file_content)
    file_msg.add_header('content-disposition', 'attachment', filename=filename)
    msg.attach(file_msg)

    msg["From"] = self.msg_from
    msg["To"] = to_user
    msg["subject"] = subject

    self.smtp_s.send_message(msg, from_addr=self.msg_from, to_addrs=to_user)

  def send_img(self, to_user, subject, content, filename, content_type='html'):
    '''
    发送带图片的邮件
    :param to_user: 对方邮箱
    :param subject: 邮件主题
    :param content: 邮件正文
    :param filename: 图片路径
    :param content_type: 内容格式
    '''
    subject = subject
    msg = MIMEMultipart('related')
    # Html正文必须包含<img src="cid:imageid" alt="imageid" width="100%" height="100%>
    content = MIMEText(content, _subtype=content_type, _charset="utf8")
    msg.attach(content)
    msg['Subject'] = subject
    msg['From'] = self.msg_from
    msg['To'] = to_user

    with open(filename, "rb") as file:
      img_data = file.read()

    img = MIMEImage(img_data)
    img.add_header('Content-ID', 'imageid')
    msg.attach(img)

    self.smtp_s.sendmail(self.msg_from, to_user, msg.as_string())

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