Posted in Python onJanuary 27, 2021
1. *表示匹配任意多个字符 \d*表示匹配任意多个数字字符
import re text = "123h1ello world" text1 = "123Hello world456" text2 = "hello world" res = re.match("\d*", text) res1 = re.match("\d*", text1) res2 = re.match("\d*", text2) print(res.group()) print(res1.group()) print(res2.group())
输出结果为
123
123Process finished with exit code 0
示例2:*
需求:匹配出,一个字符串第一个字母为大小字符,后面都是小写字母并且这些小写字母可有可无
import re #注意是前一个字符 ret = re.match("[A-Z][a-z]*","M") print(ret.group()) ret = re.match("[A-Z][a-z]*","AaBcDE") print(ret.group()) ret = re.match("[A-Z][a-z]*","Aabcdef") print(ret.group())
#运行结果
M
Aa
Aabcdef
2. +表示匹配1个或者多个任意字符 \w+表示匹配一个或多个字母,数字或下划线
import re text = "he+llo world" text1 = "Hello world456" text2 = "+hello world" res = re.match("\w+", text) res1 = re.match("\w+", text1) res2 = re.match("\w+", text2) print(res.group()) print(res1.group()) print(res2)
输出结果为
he
Hello
NoneProcess finished with exit code 0
示例2:+
需求:匹配出,变量名是否有效
import re names = ["name1","_name","2_name","__name__"] for i in names: ret = re.match("[a-zA-Z_]+[\w]*",i) if ret: print("变量名 %s 符合要求" % ret.group()) else: print("变量名 %s 非法" % i)
#运行结果
变量名 name1 符合要求
变量名 _name 符合要求
变量名 2_name 非法
变量名 __name__ 符合要求
3. ?表示匹配0个或一个字符 \w?表示匹配0或1个字母,数字或下划线
import re text = "he+llo world" text1 = "Hello world456" text2 = "+hello world" res = re.match("\w?", text) res1 = re.match("\w?", text1) res2 = re.match("\w?", text2) print(res.group()) print(res1.group()) print(res2.group())
输出结果为
h
HProcess finished with exit code 0
示例2:?
需求:匹配出0到99之间的数字
import re ret = re.match("[1-9]?[0-9]","7") print(ret.group()) ret = re.match("[1-9]?\d","33") print(ret.group()) ret = re.match("[1-9]?\d","09") print(ret.group())
#运行结果
7
33
0 # 这个结果并不是想要的,利用$才能解决
4. {m}表示匹配m个字符 \d{11}表示匹配11个数字字符
import re text = "he+llo world" text1 = "Hello world456" text2 = "hello world" res = re.match("\w{2}", text) res1 = re.match("\w{3}", text1) res2 = re.match("\w{4}", text2) print(res.group()) print(res1.group()) print(res2.group())
输出结果为
he
Hel
hellProcess finished with exit code 0
示例2:{m}
需求:匹配出,8到20位的密码,可以是大小写英文字母、数字、下划线
import re ret = re.match("[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6}","123a3g45678") print(ret.group()) ret = re.match("[[a-zA-Z0-9_]{8,20}","1ad3123456addfcasdef") print(ret.group())
#运行结果
123a3g
1ad3123456addfcasdef
5. {m,n}表示匹配m-n个字符 \w{2,4}表示匹配2-4个字符
import re text = "hello world" text1 = "Helloworld456" text2 = "hello world" res = re.match("\w{2,5}", text) res1 = re.match("\w{6,8}", text1) res2 = re.match("\w{20,25}", text2) print(res.group()) print(res1.group()) print(res2)
hello
Hellowor
NoneProcess finished with exit code 0
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python正则表达式re.match()匹配多个字符方法的实现
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