jQuery调用RESTful WCF示例代码(GET方法/POST方法)

不废话了，直奔主题吧

wcf端：

近几年比较流行restful，为了能让ajax调用，同时也为了支持restful风格的uri，在创建一个Ajax-enabled Wcf Service后，必须手动修改svc文件，指定Factory，即：

<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="ajaxSample.HelloWorld" CodeBehind="HelloWorld.svc.cs" Factory="System.ServiceModel.Activation.WebServiceHostFactory" %>

注：如果不添加Factory，则wcf将无法用类似http://localhost/helloWorld.svc/Hello/person/name 的restful方式直接访问。

同时还要去掉web.config中的<enableWebScript />即类似:

<system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="ajaxSample.HelloWorldAspNetAjaxBehavior">
          <!--<enableWebScript />-->
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true"
      multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
    <services>
      <service name="ajaxSample.HelloWorld">
        <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="ajaxSample.HelloWorldAspNetAjaxBehavior"
          binding="webHttpBinding" contract="ajaxSample.HelloWorld" />
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>

好了，开始写代码，鉴于wcf调用时有GET/POST二种方式，下面把几种常用的情况都写一个示例方法：

using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.ServiceModel; 
using System.ServiceModel.Activation; 
using System.ServiceModel.Web; namespace ajaxSample 
{ 
    [ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://yjmyzz.cnblogs.com/")] 
    [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] 
    public class HelloWorld 
    { 
        /// <summary> 
        /// 只能Post的Restful方法 
        /// </summary> 
        /// <param name="person"></param> 
        /// <param name="welcome"></param> 
        /// <returns></returns> 
        [OperationContract] 
        [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", UriTemplate = "PostRestfulTest/{person}/{welcome}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)] 
        public List<string> PostRestfulTest(string person,string welcome) 
        { 
            List<string> result = new List<string>(); 
            result.Add("PostRestfulTest -> from server:"); 
            result.Add(person); 
            result.Add(welcome); 
            return result; 
        } 
        /// <summary> 
        /// 只能Get的Restful方法 
        /// </summary> 
        /// <param name="person"></param> 
        /// <param name="welcome"></param> 
        /// <returns></returns> 
        [OperationContract] 
        [WebInvoke(Method = "GET", UriTemplate = "GETRestfulTest/{person}/{welcome}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)] 
        public List<string> GETRestfulTest(string person, string welcome) 
        { 
            List<string> result = new List<string>(); 
            result.Add("GETRestfulTest -> from server:"); 
            result.Add(person); 
            result.Add(welcome); 
            return result; 
        } 
        /// <summary> 
        /// 即可Get与Post的Restful方法 
        /// </summary> 
        /// <param name="person"></param> 
        /// <param name="welcome"></param> 
        /// <returns></returns> 
        [OperationContract] 
        [WebInvoke(Method = "*", UriTemplate = "RestfulTest/{person}/{welcome}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)] 
        public List<string> RestfulTest(string person, string welcome) 
        { 
            List<string> result = new List<string>(); 
            result.Add("RestfulTest -> from server:"); 
            result.Add(person); 
            result.Add(welcome); 
            return result; 
        } 
  
        /// <summary> 
        /// 只能Post的常规方法(注：Post方式，BodyStyle必须设置成WrappedRequest或Wrapped) 
        /// </summary> 
        /// <param name="person"></param> 
        /// <param name="welcome"></param> 
        /// <returns></returns> 
        [OperationContract] 
        [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, BodyStyle=WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest)] 
        public List<string> PostTest(string person, string welcome) 
        { 
            List<string> result = new List<string>(); 
            result.Add("PostRestfulTest -> from server:"); 
            result.Add(person); 
            result.Add(welcome); 
            return result; 
        } 
        /// <summary> 
        /// 只能Get的常规方法 
        /// </summary> 
        /// <param name="person"></param> 
        /// <param name="welcome"></param> 
        /// <returns></returns> 
        [OperationContract] 
        [WebInvoke(Method = "GET", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)] 
        public List<string> GETTest(string person, string welcome) 
        { 
            List<string> result = new List<string>(); 
            result.Add("GETTest -> from server:"); 
            result.Add(person); 
            result.Add(welcome); 
            return result; 
        } 
          
          
    } 
}

jQuery调用代码：

<script type="text/javascript"> 
    $().ready(function () {  
        $.post("HelloWorld.svc/PostRestfulTest/111/222", function (data) { 
            alert("PostRestfulTest调用成功，返回值为：" + data); 
        }) 
        $.get("HelloWorld.svc/GETRestfulTest/333/444", function (data) { 
            alert("GETRestfulTest调用成功，返回值为：" + data); 
        }) 
        $.get("HelloWorld.svc/RestfulTest/555/666", function (data) { 
            alert("RestfulTest GET方式调用成功，返回值为：" + data); 
        }) 
 
        $.post("HelloWorld.svc/RestfulTest/777/888", function (data) { 
            alert("RestfulTest POST方式调用成功，返回值为：" + data); 
        }) 
 
        $.get("HelloWorld.svc/GETTest", { person: "aaa", welcome: "bbb" }, function (data) { 
            alert("GETTest 调用成功，返回值为：" + data); 
        }); 
 
        $.ajax({ 
            url: "HelloWorld.svc/PostTest", 
            type: "POST", 
            contentType: "application/json", 
            data: '{"person":"ccc","welcome":"ddd"}', 
            dataType: "html", 
            success: function (data) { alert("PostTest调用成功，返回值为：" + data); } 
        }); 
    }) 
</script>

有时候，WCF暴露的方法中可能需要一些敏感信息做为参数(比如用户名/用户ID之类)，这时如果直接用js来调用wcf，可能会把这部分信息泄漏在客户端，这种场景下，我们也经常用一个服务端的ashx来做中转

TestService.svc

using System.ServiceModel; namespace ashx_jQuery 
{ 
     [ServiceContract] 
    public class TestService  
    { 
         /// <summary> 
         /// 获取当前用户指定月份的工资 
         /// </summary> 
         /// <param name="userId"></param> 
         /// <param name="month"></param> 
         /// <returns></returns> 
         [OperationContract] 
        public double GetSalary(int userId,int month) 
        { 
            if (month == 1)//只是演示而已 
            { 
                return 5000; 
            } 
            else 
            { 
                return 1000; 
            } 
        } 
    } 
}

AjaxProcess.ashx

using System.Web; namespace ashx_jQuery 
{ 
    /// <summary> 
    /// Summary description for AjaxProcess 
    /// </summary> 
    public class AjaxProcess : IHttpHandler 
    { 
        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) 
        { 
            context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain"; 
            string month = context.Request["month"]; 
            TestService wcf = new TestService(); 
            double salary = wcf.GetSalary(GetUserId(), int.Parse(month)); 
            context.Response.Write("{salary:" + salary + "}"); 
        } 
  
        /// <summary> 
        /// 获取当前的用户ID 
        /// </summary> 
        /// <returns></returns> 
        private int GetUserId()  
        { 
            return 1; 
        } 
        public bool IsReusable 
        { 
            get
            { 
                return false; 
            } 
        } 
    } 
}

jQuery调用:

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="default.aspx.cs" Inherits="ashx_jQuery._default" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> 
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 
<head runat="server"> 
    <title>jQuery ashx Sample</title> 
    <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.7.1.min.js"></script> 
    <script type="text/javascript"> 
        $().ready(function () { 
            $("#btnTest").click(function () { 
                $.post( 
                    "AjaxProcess.ashx", 
                    { month:1 }, 
                    function (e) { 
                        var d = eval("(" + e + ")"); 
                        alert(d.salary); 
                    }, "html"); 
            }) 
        }) 
    </script> 
</head> 
<body> 
    <form id="form1" runat="server"> 
        <input type="button" value="GetSalary" id="btnTest"/> 
    </form> 
</body> 
</html>

示例代码：点击下载