浅谈php扩展imagick


Posted in PHP onJune 02, 2014

PHP建图通常都用GD库,因为是内置的不需要在服务器上额外安装插件,所以用起来比较省心,但是如果你的程序主要的功能就是处理图像,那?就不建议用GD了,因为GD不但低效能而且能力也比较弱,?子玫南低匙试匆财亩?另外GD的creatfrom也有bug,而imagick却是一个很好的替代品,为此最近把我的一个项目由GD改成了imagick,但是改完之后出现了一些状况在此分享给大家.

首先说一下我这边出现的状况:

状况一:需要重写图像操作class

状况二:imagick多线程时会导致cpu使用率暴增到100%

在此顺便提一下imagick在centos6.4的安装方法:

1、安装ImageMagick

wget http://soft.vpser.net/web/imagemagick/ImageMagick-6.7.1-2.tar.gz
tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.7.1-2.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.7.1-2/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/imagemagick --disable-openmp
make && make install
ldconfig

测试ImageMagick是否可以正常运行:

/usr/local/imagemagick/bin/convert -version

2、安装PHP扩展:imagick

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz
tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1.tgz
cd imagick-3.0.1/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-imagick=/usr/local/imagemagick
make && make install
ldconfig
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
添加:extension = "imagick.so"

重启lnmp

/root/lnmp reload

接下来我们针对上述两个状况分别提出解决办法:

状况一的解决办法如下:

/**
    Imagick图像处理类
    用法:
        //引入Imagick物件
        if(!defined('CLASS_IMAGICK')){require(Inc.'class_imagick.php');}
        $Imagick=new class_imagick();
        $Imagick->open('a.gif');
        $Imagick->resize_to(100,100,'scale_fill');
        $Imagick->add_text('1024i.com',10,20);
        $Imagick->add_watermark('1024i.gif',10,50);
        $Imagick->save_to('x.gif');
        unset($Imagick);
/**/
define('CLASS_IMAGICK',TRUE);
class class_imagick{
    private $image=null;
    private $type=null;
    // 构造
    public function __construct(){}
    // 析构
    public function __destruct(){
        if($this->image!==null){$this->image->destroy();}
    }
    // 载入图像
    public function open($path){
        if(!file_exists($path)){
            $this->image=null;
            return ;
        }
        $this->image=new Imagick($path);
        if($this->image){
            $this->type=strtolower($this->image->getImageFormat());
        }
        $this->image->stripImage();
        return $this->image;
    }
    /**
        图像裁切
    /**/
    public function crop($x=0,$y=0,$width=null,$height=null){
        if($width==null) $width=$this->image->getImageWidth()-$x;
        if($height==null) $height=$this->image->getImageHeight()-$y;
        if($width<=0 || $height<=0) return;
        if($this->type=='gif'){
            $image=$this->image;
            $canvas=new Imagick();
            $images=$image->coalesceImages();
            foreach($images as $frame){
                $img=new Imagick();
                $img->readImageBlob($frame);
                $img->cropImage($width,$height,$x,$y);
                $canvas->addImage($img);
                $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
                $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
            }
            $image->destroy();
            $this->image=$canvas;
        }else{
            $this->image->cropImage($width,$height,$x,$y);
        }
    }
    /**
        更改图像大小
        参数:
            $width:新的宽度
            $height:新的高度
            $fit: 适应大小
                'force': 把图像强制改为$width X $height
                'scale': 按比例在$width X $height内缩放图片,结果不完全等於$width X $height
                'scale_fill':按比例在$width X $height内缩放图片,没有像素的地方填充?色$fill_color=array(255,255,255)(红,绿,蓝,透明度[0不透明-127全透明])
                其他:智能模式,缩放图片并从正中裁切$width X $height的大小
        注意:
            $fit='force','scale','scale_fill'时输出完整图像
            $fit=图像方位时输出指定位置部份的图像
        字母与图像的对应关系如下:
            north_west   north   north_east
            west         center        east
            south_west   south   south_east
    /**/
    public function resize_to($width=100,$height=100,$fit='center',$fill_color=array(255,255,255,0)){
        switch($fit){
        case 'force':
            if($this->type=='gif'){
                $image=$this->image;
                $canvas=new Imagick();
                $images=$image->coalesceImages();
                foreach($images as $frame){
                    $img=new Imagick();
                    $img->readImageBlob($frame);
                    $img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,false);
                    $canvas->addImage($img);
                    $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
                }
                $image->destroy();
                $this->image=$canvas;
            }else{
                $this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,false);
            }
            break;
        case 'scale':
            if($this->type=='gif'){
                $image=$this->image;
                $images=$image->coalesceImages();
                $canvas=new Imagick();
                foreach($images as $frame){
                    $img=new Imagick();
                    $img->readImageBlob($frame);
                    $img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
                    $canvas->addImage($img);
                    $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
                }
                $image->destroy();
                $this->image=$canvas;
            }else{
                $this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
            }
            break;
        case 'scale_fill':
            $size=$this->image->getImagePage();
            $src_width=$size['width'];
            $src_height=$size['height'];
            $x=0;
            $y=0;
            $dst_width=$width;
            $dst_height=$height;
            if($src_width*$height > $src_height*$width){
                $dst_height=intval($width*$src_height/$src_width);
                $y=intval(($height-$dst_height)/2);
            }else{
                $dst_width=intval($height*$src_width/$src_height);
                $x=intval(($width-$dst_width)/2);
            }
            $image=$this->image;
            $canvas=new Imagick();
            $color='rgba('.$fill_color[0].','.$fill_color[1].','.$fill_color[2].','.$fill_color[3].')';
            if($this->type=='gif'){
                $images=$image->coalesceImages();
                foreach($images as $frame){
                    $frame->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
                    $draw=new ImagickDraw();
                    $draw->composite($frame->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$dst_width,$dst_height,$frame);
                    $img=new Imagick();
                    $img->newImage($width,$height,$color,'gif');
                    $img->drawImage($draw);
                    $canvas->addImage($img);
                    $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
                    $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
                }
            }else{
                $image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
                $draw=new ImagickDraw();
                $draw->composite($image->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$dst_width,$dst_height,$image);
                $canvas->newImage($width,$height,$color,$this->get_type());
                $canvas->drawImage($draw);
                $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
            }
            $image->destroy();
            $this->image=$canvas;
            break;
        default:
            $size=$this->image->getImagePage();
            $src_width=$size['width'];
            $src_height=$size['height'];
            $crop_x=0;
            $crop_y=0;
            $crop_w=$src_width;
            $crop_h=$src_height;
            if($src_width*$height > $src_height*$width){
                $crop_w=intval($src_height*$width/$height);
            }else{
                $crop_h=intval($src_width*$height/$width);
            }
            switch($fit){
                case 'north_west':
                    $crop_x=0;
                    $crop_y=0;
                    break;
                case 'north':
                    $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
                    $crop_y=0;
                    break;
                case 'north_east':
                    $crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;
                    $crop_y=0;
                    break;
                case 'west':
                    $crop_x=0;
                    $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
                    break;
                case 'center':
                    $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
                    $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
                    break;
                case 'east':
                    $crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;
                    $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
                    break;
                case 'south_west':
                    $crop_x=0;
                    $crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;
                    break;
                case 'south':
                    $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
                    $crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;
                    break;
                case 'south_east':
                    $crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;
                    $crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;
                    break;
                default:
                    $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
                    $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
            }
            $image=$this->image;
            $canvas=new Imagick();
            if($this->type=='gif'){
                $images=$image->coalesceImages();
                foreach($images as $frame){
                    $img=new Imagick();
                    $img->readImageBlob($frame);
                    $img->cropImage($crop_w,$crop_h,$crop_x,$crop_y);
                    $img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
                    $canvas->addImage($img);
                    $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
                    $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
                }
            }else{
                $image->cropImage($crop_w,$crop_h,$crop_x,$crop_y);
                $image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
                $canvas->addImage($image);
                $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
            }
            $image->destroy();
            $this->image=$canvas;
        }
    }
    /**
        添加图片水印
        参数:
            $path:水印图片(包含完整路径)
            $x,$y:水印座标
    /**/
    public function add_watermark($path,$x=0,$y=0){
        $watermark=new Imagick($path);
        $draw=new ImagickDraw();
        $draw->composite($watermark->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$watermark->getImageWidth(),$watermark->getimageheight(),$watermark);
        if($this->type=='gif'){
            $image=$this->image;
            $canvas=new Imagick();
            $images=$image->coalesceImages();
            foreach($image as $frame){
                $img=new Imagick();
                $img->readImageBlob($frame);
                $img->drawImage($draw);
                $canvas->addImage($img);
                $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
            }
            $image->destroy();
            $this->image=$canvas;
        }else{
            $this->image->drawImage($draw);
        }
    }
    /**
        添加文字水印
        参数:
            $text:水印文字
            $x,$y:水印座标
    /**/
    public function add_text($text,$x=0,$y=0,$angle=0,$style=array()){
        $draw=new ImagickDraw();
        if(isset($style['font'])) $draw->setFont($style['font']);
        if(isset($style['font_size'])) $draw->setFontSize($style['font_size']);
        if(isset($style['fill_color'])) $draw->setFillColor($style['fill_color']);
        if(isset($style['under_color'])) $draw->setTextUnderColor($style['under_color']);
        if($this->type=='gif'){
            foreach($this->image as $frame){
                $frame->annotateImage($draw,$x,$y,$angle,$text);
            }
        }else{
            $this->image->annotateImage($draw,$x,$y,$angle,$text);
        }
    }
    /**
        图片存档
        参数:
            $path:存档的位置和新的档案名
    /**/
    public function save_to($path){
        $this->image->stripImage();
        switch($this->type){
        case 'gif':
            $this->image->writeImages($path,true);
            return ;
        case 'jpg':
        case 'jpeg':
            $this->image->setImageCompressionQuality($_ENV['ImgQ']);
            $this->image->writeImage($path);
            return ;
        case 'png':
            $flag = $this->image->getImageAlphaChannel();
            // 如果png背景不透明则压缩
            if(imagick::ALPHACHANNEL_UNDEFINED == $flag or imagick::ALPHACHANNEL_DEACTIVATE == $flag){
                $this->image->setImageType(imagick::IMGTYPE_PALETTE);
                $this->image->writeImage($path);
            }else{
                $this->image->writeImage($path);
            }unset($flag);
            return ;
        default:
            $this->image->writeImage($path);
            return ;
        }
    }
    // 直接输出图像到萤幕
    public function output($header=true){
        if($header) header('Content-type: '.$this->type);
        echo $this->image->getImagesBlob();
    }
    /**
        建立缩小图
        $fit为真时,将保持比例并在$width X $height内?生缩小图
    /**/
    public function thumbnail($width=100,$height=100,$fit=true){$this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,$fit);}
    /**
        给图像添加边框
        $width: 左右边框宽度
        $height: 上下边框宽度
        $color: ?色
    /**/
    public function border($width,$height,$color='rgb(220,220,220)'){
        $color=new ImagickPixel();
        $color->setColor($color);
        $this->image->borderImage($color,$width,$height);
    }
    //取得图像宽度
    public function get_width(){$size=$this->image->getImagePage();return $size['width'];}
    //取得图像高度
    public function get_height(){$size=$this->image->getImagePage();return $size['height'];}
    // 设置图像类型
    public function set_type($type='png'){$this->type=$type;$this->image->setImageFormat($type);}
    // 取得图像类型
    public function get_type(){return $this->type;}
    public function blur($radius,$sigma){$this->image->blurImage($radius,$sigma);} // 模糊
    public function gaussian_blur($radius,$sigma){$this->image->gaussianBlurImage($radius,$sigma);} // 高斯模糊
    public function motion_blur($radius,$sigma,$angle){$this->image->motionBlurImage($radius,$sigma,$angle);} // 运动模糊
    public function radial_blur($radius){$this->image->radialBlurImage($radius);} // 径向模糊
    public function add_noise($type=null){$this->image->addNoiseImage($type==null?imagick::NOISE_IMPULSE:$type);} // 添加噪点
    public function level($black_point,$gamma,$white_point){$this->image->levelImage($black_point,$gamma,$white_point);} // 调整色阶
    public function modulate($brightness,$saturation,$hue){$this->image->modulateImage($brightness,$saturation,$hue);} // 调整亮度,饱和度,色调
    public function charcoal($radius,$sigma){$this->image->charcoalImage($radius,$sigma);} // 素描效果
    public function oil_paint($radius){$this->image->oilPaintImage($radius);} // 油画效果
    public function flop(){$this->image->flopImage();} // 水平翻转
    public function flip(){$this->image->flipImage();} // 垂直翻转
}

状况二的解决办法如下:

首先用/usr/local/imagemagick/bin/convert -version指令查看一下输出内容是否已经开?⒘硕嘞叱?Features:的值为空说明是单线程,如果Features:的值是openMP说明是多线程.imagick的多线程模式有一个bug,他会导致多核心的cpu使用率瞬间?升到100所以一定要使用它的单线程模式才行.

Version: ImageMagick 6.7.1-2 2014-05-29 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org
Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC
Features:  

 上边是我配置正确时显示的结果,如果没有配置正确会显示下边的结果

Version: ImageMagick 6.7.1-2 2014-05-29 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org
Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC
Features: openMP

 第一种结果是单线程模式,第二种结果是多线程模式,因为imagick的多线程模式有bug,所以如果您刚开始是用多线程模式安装的imagick那就必须要yum remove imagemagick将其卸载掉重新安装才行.

经过重写class,重装imagick之后一切正常,而且处理图像的效能比之以前有了大幅提升

 

PHP 相关文章推荐
PHP中函数rand和mt_rand的区别比较
Dec 26 PHP
浅析PHP安装扩展mcrypt以及相关依赖项(PHP安装PECL扩展的方法)
Jul 05 PHP
JoshChen_php新手进阶高手不可或缺的规范介绍
Aug 16 PHP
PHP时间戳 strtotime()使用方法和技巧
Oct 29 PHP
设置php页面编码的两种方法示例介绍
Mar 03 PHP
CodeIgniter错误mysql_connect(): No such file or directory解决方法
Sep 06 PHP
ThinkPHP在新浪SAE平台的部署实例
Oct 31 PHP
PHP使用feof()函数读文件的方法
Nov 07 PHP
PHP7正式版测试,性能惊艳!
Dec 08 PHP
php ActiveMQ的安装与使用方法图文教程
Feb 23 PHP
TP5框架实现自定义分页样式的方法示例
Apr 05 PHP
laravel7学习之无限级分类的最新实现方法
Sep 30 PHP
PHP小技巧之函数重载
Jun 02 #PHP
mac下Apache + MySql + PHP搭建网站开发环境
Jun 02 #PHP
在PHP中使用X-SendFile头让文件下载更快
Jun 01 #PHP
PHP is_subclass_of函数的一个BUG和解决方法
Jun 01 #PHP
PHP中数组的分组排序实例
Jun 01 #PHP
php_screw安装使用教程(另一个PHP代码加密实现)
May 29 #PHP
PHP Curl出现403错误的解决办法
May 29 #PHP
You might like
ThinkPHP提示错误Fatal error: Allowed memory size的解决方法
2015/02/12 PHP
[原创]PHP正则匹配中英文、数字及下划线的方法【用户名验证】
2017/08/01 PHP
PHP数组内存利用率低和弱类型详细解读
2017/08/10 PHP
thinkphp框架实现路由重定义简化url访问地址的方法分析
2020/04/04 PHP
Extjs中ComboBox加载并赋初值的实现方法
2012/03/22 Javascript
JavaScript代码编写中各种各样的坑和填坑方法
2014/06/06 Javascript
JS循环遍历JSON数据的方法
2014/07/08 Javascript
jquery插件star-rating.js实现星级评分特效
2015/04/15 Javascript
简介可以自动完成UI的AngularJS工具angular-smarty
2015/06/23 Javascript
JS实现自动固定顶部的悬浮菜单栏效果
2015/09/16 Javascript
浅谈JS继承_寄生式继承 &amp; 寄生组合式继承
2016/08/16 Javascript
使用cookie绕过验证码登录的实现代码
2017/10/12 Javascript
Vue中computed与methods的区别详解
2018/03/24 Javascript
iSlider手机端图片滑动切换插件使用详解
2019/12/24 Javascript
js实现小星星游戏
2020/03/23 Javascript
vuejs实现下拉框菜单选择
2020/10/23 Javascript
JavaScript 防抖和节流遇见的奇怪问题及解决
2020/11/20 Javascript
JavaScript中遍历的十种方法总结
2020/12/15 Javascript
JavaScript 防盗链的原理以及破解方法
2020/12/29 Javascript
极简的Python入门指引
2015/04/01 Python
Python 编码处理-str与Unicode的区别
2016/09/06 Python
Python调用C++程序的方法详解
2017/01/24 Python
简单实现python进度条脚本
2017/12/18 Python
python实现连连看辅助之图像识别延伸
2019/07/17 Python
python Shapely使用指南详解
2020/02/18 Python
Python网页解析器使用实例详解
2020/05/30 Python
Python绘图实现台风路径可视化代码实例
2020/10/23 Python
波兰最早的运动鞋精品店之一:Street Supply
2019/08/29 全球购物
Can a struct inherit from another class? (结构体能继承类吗)
2014/07/22 面试题
会计毕业生自荐信
2013/11/21 职场文书
毕业生个人求职信范例分享
2013/12/17 职场文书
第二批党的群众路线教育实践活动总结报告
2014/10/30 职场文书
催款通知书范文
2015/04/17 职场文书
教师节班会开场白
2015/06/01 职场文书
2016年校园重阳节广播稿
2015/12/18 职场文书
Java Lambda表达式常用的函数式接口
2022/04/07 Java/Android