python实现桌面气泡提示功能


Posted in Python onJuly 29, 2019

在写桌面软件时,通常会使用到托盘上的泡泡提示功能,让我们来看看使用python如何实现这个小功能。

一、Linux系统

在Linux上,实现一个气泡提示非常简单,使用GTK实现的pynotify模块提供了些功能,我的环境是Ubuntu,默认安装此模块,如果没有,下载源文件编译安装一个。实现代码如下:

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf-8
 
import pynotify
 
pynotify.init ("Bubble@Linux")
bubble_notify = pynotify.Notification ("Linux上的泡泡提示", "看,比Windows上实现方便多了!")
bubble_notify.show ()

效果:

python实现桌面气泡提示功能

二、Windows下的实现

Windows下实现是比较复杂的,没有pynotify这样一个模块,找到了一个还算不错的模块(地址),这个类有些语法上的小问题,至少在python2.6下如此,需要修改一下,如下是修改后的代码),基本可用,代码如下:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
#gtkPopupNotify.py
#
# Copyright 2009 Daniel Woodhouse 
# modified by NickCis 2010 http://github.com/NickCis/gtkPopupNotify
# Modifications:
#     Added: * Corner support (notifications can be displayed in all corners
#        * Use of gtk Stock items or pixbuf to render images in notifications
#        * Posibility of use fixed height
#        * Posibility of use image as background
#        * Not displaying over Windows taskbar(taken from emesene gpl v3)
#        * y separation.
#        * font description options
#        * Callbacks For left, middle and right click
#
#This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
#the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
#(at your option) any later version.
#
#This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
#GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
#
#You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
#along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 
import os
import gtk
import pango
import gobject
 
# This code is used only on Windows to get the location on the taskbar
# Taken from emesene Notifications (Gpl v3)
taskbarOffsety = 0
taskbarOffsetx = 0
if os.name == "nt":
  import ctypes
  from ctypes.wintypes import RECT, DWORD
  user = ctypes.windll.user32
  MONITORINFOF_PRIMARY = 1
  HMONITOR = 1
 
  class MONITORINFO(ctypes.Structure):
    _fields_ = [
      ('cbSize', DWORD),
      ('rcMonitor', RECT),
      ('rcWork', RECT),
      ('dwFlags', DWORD)
      ]
 
  taskbarSide = "bottom"
  taskbarOffset = 30
  info = MONITORINFO()
  info.cbSize = ctypes.sizeof(info)
  info.dwFlags = MONITORINFOF_PRIMARY
  user.GetMonitorInfoW(HMONITOR, ctypes.byref(info))
  if info.rcMonitor.bottom != info.rcWork.bottom:
    taskbarOffsety = info.rcMonitor.bottom - info.rcWork.bottom
  if info.rcMonitor.top != info.rcWork.top:
    taskbarSide = "top"
    taskbarOffsety = info.rcWork.top - info.rcMonitor.top
  if info.rcMonitor.left != info.rcWork.left:
    taskbarSide = "left"
    taskbarOffsetx = info.rcWork.left - info.rcMonitor.left
  if info.rcMonitor.right != info.rcWork.right:
    taskbarSide = "right"
    taskbarOffsetx = info.rcMonitor.right - info.rcWork.right
 
class NotificationStack:
  
  def __init__(self, size_x=300, size_y=-1, timeout=5, corner=(False, False), sep_y=0):
    """
    Create a new notification stack. The recommended way to create Popup instances.
     Parameters:
      `size_x` : The desired width of the notifications.
      `size_y` : The desired minimum height of the notifications. If it isn't set,
      or setted to None, the size will automatically adjust
      `timeout` : Popup instance will disappear after this timeout if there
      is no human intervention. This can be overridden temporarily by passing
      a new timout to the new_popup method.
      `coner` : 2 Value tuple: (true if left, True if top)
      `sep_y` : y distance to separate notifications from each other
    """
    self.size_x = size_x
    self.size_y = -1 
    if (size_y == None): 
      pass
    else:
       size_y
    self.timeout = timeout
    self.corner = corner
    self.sep_y = sep_y
    """
    Other parameters:
    These will take effect for every popup created after the change.
      
      `edge_offset_y` : distance from the bottom of the screen and
      the bottom of the stack.
      `edge_offset_x` : distance from the right edge of the screen and
      the side of the stack.
      `max_popups` : The maximum number of popups to be shown on the screen
      at one time.
      `bg_color` : if None default is used (usually grey). set with a gtk.gdk.Color.
      `bg_pixmap` : Pixmap to use as background of notification. You can set a gtk.gdk.Pixmap
      or a path to a image. If none, the color background will be displayed.
      `bg_mask` : If a gtk.gdk.pixmap is specified under bg_pixmap, the mask of the pixmap has to be setted here.
      `fg_color` : if None default is used (usually black). set with a gtk.gdk.Color.
      `show_timeout` : if True, a countdown till destruction will be displayed.
      `close_but` : if True, the close button will be displayed.
      `fontdesc` : a 3 value Tuple containing the pango.FontDescriptions of the Header, message and counter
       (in that order). If a string is suplyed, it will be used for the 3 the same FontDescription.
       http://doc.stoq.com.br/devel/pygtk/class-pangofontdescription.html
    """    
    self.edge_offset_x = 0
    self.edge_offset_y = 0
    self.max_popups = 5
    self.fg_color = None
    self.bg_color = None
    self.bg_pixmap = None
    self.bg_mask = None
    self.show_timeout = False
    self.close_but = True
    self.fontdesc = ("Sans Bold 14", "Sans 12", "Sans 10")
    
    self._notify_stack = []
    self._offset = 0
 
    
  def new_popup(self, title, message, image=None, leftCb=None, middleCb=None, rightCb=None):
    """Create a new Popup instance."""
    if len(self._notify_stack) == self.max_popups:
      self._notify_stack[0].hide_notification()
    self._notify_stack.append(Popup(self, title, message, image, leftCb, middleCb, rightCb))
    self._offset += self._notify_stack[-1].y
    
  def destroy_popup_cb(self, popup):
    self._notify_stack.remove(popup)
    #move popups down if required
    offset = 0
    for note in self._notify_stack:
      offset = note.reposition(offset, self)
    self._offset = offset
  
  
 
  
class Popup(gtk.Window):
  def __init__(self, stack, title, message, image, leftCb, middleCb, rightCb):
    gtk.Window.__init__(self, type=gtk.WINDOW_POPUP)
    
    self.leftclickCB = leftCb
    self.middleclickCB = middleCb
    self.rightclickCB = rightCb    
    
    self.set_size_request(stack.size_x, stack.size_y)
    self.set_decorated(False)
    self.set_deletable(False)
    self.set_property("skip-pager-hint", True)
    self.set_property("skip-taskbar-hint", True)
    self.connect("enter-notify-event", self.on_hover, True)
    self.connect("leave-notify-event", self.on_hover, False)
    self.set_opacity(0.2)
    self.destroy_cb = stack.destroy_popup_cb
    
    if type(stack.fontdesc) == tuple or type(stack.fontdesc) == list:
      fontH, fontM, fontC = stack.fontdesc
    else:
      fontH = fontM = fontC = stack.fontdesc
    
    main_box = gtk.VBox()
    header_box = gtk.HBox()
    self.header = gtk.Label()
    self.header.set_markup("<b>%s</b>" % title)
    self.header.set_padding(3, 3)
    self.header.set_alignment(0, 0)
    try:
      self.header.modify_font(pango.FontDescription(fontH))
    except Exception, e:
      print e
    header_box.pack_start(self.header, True, True, 5)
    if stack.close_but:
      close_button = gtk.Image()
    
      close_button.set_from_stock(gtk.STOCK_CANCEL, gtk.ICON_SIZE_BUTTON)
      close_button.set_padding(3, 3)
      close_window = gtk.EventBox()
      close_window.set_visible_window(False)
      close_window.connect("button-press-event", self.hide_notification)
      close_window.add(close_button)
      header_box.pack_end(close_window, False, False)
    main_box.pack_start(header_box)
    
    body_box = gtk.HBox()
    if image is not None:
      self.image = gtk.Image()
      self.image.set_size_request(70, 70)
      self.image.set_alignment(0, 0)
      if image in gtk.stock_list_ids():
        self.image.set_from_stock(image, gtk.ICON_SIZE_DIALOG)
      elif type(image) == gtk.gdk.Pixbuf:
        self.image.set_from_pixbuf(image)
      else:
        self.image.set_from_file(image)
      body_box.pack_start(self.image, False, False, 5)
    self.message = gtk.Label()
    self.message.set_property("wrap", True)
    self.message.set_size_request(stack.size_x - 90, -1)
    self.message.set_alignment(0, 0)
    self.message.set_padding(5, 10)
    self.message.set_markup(message)
    try:
      self.message.modify_font(pango.FontDescription(fontM))
    except Exception, e:
      print e
    self.counter = gtk.Label()
    self.counter.set_alignment(1, 1)
    self.counter.set_padding(3, 3)
    try:
      self.counter.modify_font(pango.FontDescription(fontC))
    except Exception, e:
      print e
    self.timeout = stack.timeout
    
    body_box.pack_start(self.message, True, False, 5)
    body_box.pack_end(self.counter, False, False, 5)
    main_box.pack_start(body_box)
    eventbox = gtk.EventBox()
    eventbox.set_property('visible-window', False)
    eventbox.set_events(gtk.gdk.BUTTON_PRESS_MASK)
    eventbox.connect("button_press_event", self.onClick) 
    eventbox.add(main_box)
    self.add(eventbox)
    if stack.bg_pixmap is not None:
      if not type(stack.bg_pixmap) == gtk.gdk.Pixmap:
        stack.bg_pixmap, stack.bg_mask = gtk.gdk.pixbuf_new_from_file(stack.bg_pixmap).render_pixmap_and_mask()
      self.set_app_paintable(True)
      self.connect_after("realize", self.callbackrealize, stack.bg_pixmap, stack.bg_mask)
    elif stack.bg_color is not None:
      self.modify_bg(gtk.STATE_NORMAL, stack.bg_color)
    if stack.fg_color is not None:
      self.message.modify_fg(gtk.STATE_NORMAL, stack.fg_color)
      self.header.modify_fg(gtk.STATE_NORMAL, stack.fg_color)
      self.counter.modify_fg(gtk.STATE_NORMAL, stack.fg_color)
    self.show_timeout = stack.show_timeout
    self.hover = False
    self.show_all()
    self.x, self.y = self.size_request()
    #Not displaying over windows bar 
    if os.name == 'nt':
      if stack.corner[0] and taskbarSide == "left":
        stack.edge_offset_x += taskbarOffsetx
      elif not stack.corner[0] and taskbarSide == 'right':
        stack.edge_offset_x += taskbarOffsetx
      if stack.corner[1] and taskbarSide == "top":
        stack.edge_offset_x += taskbarOffsety
      elif not stack.corner[1] and taskbarSide == 'bottom':
        stack.edge_offset_x += taskbarOffsety
        
    if stack.corner[0]:
      posx = stack.edge_offset_x
    else:
      posx = gtk.gdk.screen_width() - self.x - stack.edge_offset_x
    sep_y = 0 
    if (stack._offset == 0):
      pass
    else:
       stack.sep_y
    self.y += sep_y
    if stack.corner[1]:
      posy = stack._offset + stack.edge_offset_y + sep_y
    else:
      posy = gtk.gdk.screen_height()- self.y - stack._offset - stack.edge_offset_y
    self.move(posx, posy)
    self.fade_in_timer = gobject.timeout_add(100, self.fade_in)
    
    
 
  def reposition(self, offset, stack):
    """Move the notification window down, when an older notification is removed"""
    if stack.corner[0]:
      posx = stack.edge_offset_x
    else:
      posx = gtk.gdk.screen_width() - self.x - stack.edge_offset_x
    if stack.corner[1]:
      posy = offset + stack.edge_offset_y
      new_offset = self.y + offset
    else:      
      new_offset = self.y + offset
      posy = gtk.gdk.screen_height() - new_offset - stack.edge_offset_y + stack.sep_y
    self.move(posx, posy)
    return new_offset
 
  
  def fade_in(self):
    opacity = self.get_opacity()
    opacity += 0.15
    if opacity >= 1:
      self.wait_timer = gobject.timeout_add(1000, self.wait)
      return False
    self.set_opacity(opacity)
    return True
      
  def wait(self):
    if not self.hover:
      self.timeout -= 1
    if self.show_timeout:
      self.counter.set_markup(str("<b>%s</b>" % self.timeout))
    if self.timeout == 0:
      self.fade_out_timer = gobject.timeout_add(100, self.fade_out)
      return False
    return True
   
  
  def fade_out(self):
    opacity = self.get_opacity()
    opacity -= 0.10
    if opacity <= 0:
      self.in_progress = False
      self.hide_notification()
      return False
    self.set_opacity(opacity)
    return True
  
  def on_hover(self, window, event, hover):
    """Starts/Stops the notification timer on a mouse in/out event"""
    self.hover = hover
 
    
  def hide_notification(self, *args):
    """Destroys the notification and tells the stack to move the
    remaining notification windows"""
    for timer in ("fade_in_timer", "fade_out_timer", "wait_timer"):
      if hasattr(self, timer):
        gobject.source_remove(getattr(self, timer))
    self.destroy()
    self.destroy_cb(self)
 
  def callbackrealize(self, widget, pixmap, mask=False):
    #width, height = pixmap.get_size()
    #self.resize(width, height)
    if mask is not False:
      self.shape_combine_mask(mask, 0, 0)
    self.window.set_back_pixmap(pixmap, False)
    return True
 
  def onClick(self, widget, event):
    if event.button == 1 and self.leftclickCB != None:
      self.leftclickCB()
      self.hide_notification()
    if event.button == 2 and self.middleclickCB != None:
      self.middleclickCB()
      self.hide_notification()
    if event.button == 3 and self.rightclickCB != None:
      self.rightclickCB()
      self.hide_notification()
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
  #example usage
  
  def notify_factory():
    color = ("green", "blue")
    image = "logo1_64.png"
    notifier.bg_color = gtk.gdk.Color(color[0])
    notifier.fg_color = gtk.gdk.Color(color[1])
    notifier.show_timeout = True 
    notifier.edge_offset_x = 20
    notifier.edge_offset_y = 30
    notifier.new_popup("Windows上的泡泡提示", "NND,比Linux下复杂多了,效果还不怎么样", image=image)
    return True
 
  def gtk_main_quit():
    print "quitting"
    gtk.main_quit()
  
  notifier = NotificationStack(timeout=1) 
  gobject.timeout_add(4000, notify_factory)
  gobject.timeout_add(8000, gtk_main_quit)
  gtk.main()

效果如下:

python实现桌面气泡提示功能

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持三水点靠木。

Python 相关文章推荐
Python多线程编程简单介绍
Apr 13 Python
window下eclipse安装python插件教程
Apr 24 Python
scrapy spider的几种爬取方式实例代码
Jan 25 Python
Python3实现统计单词表中每个字母出现频率的方法示例
Jan 28 Python
Python OpenCV 调用摄像头并截图保存功能的实现代码
Jul 02 Python
PyQt Qt Designer工具的布局管理详解
Aug 07 Python
详解python中eval函数的作用
Oct 22 Python
使用Pycharm在运行过程中,查看每个变量的操作(show variables)
Jun 08 Python
利用PyTorch实现VGG16教程
Jun 24 Python
python读取pdf格式文档的实现代码
Apr 01 Python
Python基础之变量的相关知识总结
Jun 23 Python
Python使用BeautifulSoup4修改网页内容
May 20 Python
pycharm设置鼠标悬停查看方法设置
Jul 29 #Python
django rest framework vue 实现用户登录详解
Jul 29 #Python
python实现倒计时小工具
Jul 29 #Python
django rest framework 实现用户登录认证详解
Jul 29 #Python
pycharm重命名文件的方法步骤
Jul 29 #Python
PyQt5实现暗黑风格的计时器
Jul 29 #Python
Python Django 实现简单注册功能过程详解
Jul 29 #Python
You might like
PHP截取汉字乱码问题解决方法mb_substr函数的应用
2008/03/30 PHP
ThinkPHP3.1新特性之内容解析输出详解
2014/06/19 PHP
PHP图片处理之图片背景、画布操作
2014/11/19 PHP
php实现兼容2038年后Unix时间戳转换函数
2015/03/18 PHP
Win7下手动安装apache2.2、php5.4笔记
2015/04/03 PHP
PHP attributes()函数讲解
2019/02/03 PHP
jquery关于页面焦点的定位(文本框获取焦点时改变样式 )
2010/09/10 Javascript
jQuery版仿Path菜单效果
2011/12/15 Javascript
js 弹出框只弹一次(二次修改之后的)
2013/11/26 Javascript
探析浏览器执行JavaScript脚本加载与代码执行顺序
2016/01/12 Javascript
详解JavaScript对象序列化
2016/01/19 Javascript
前端js弹出框组件使用方法
2020/08/24 Javascript
bootstrap table 表格中增加下拉菜单末行出现滚动条的快速解决方法
2017/01/05 Javascript
bootstrap table之通用方法( 时间控件,导出,动态下拉框, 表单验证 ,选中与获取信息)代码分享
2017/01/24 Javascript
vue2 全局变量的设置方法
2018/03/09 Javascript
JS将时间秒转换成天小时分钟秒的字符串
2019/07/10 Javascript
详解Python中dict与set的使用
2015/08/10 Python
Python3.X 线程中信号量的使用方法示例
2017/07/24 Python
Python实现删除时保留特定文件夹和文件的示例
2018/04/27 Python
Python实现FTP弱口令扫描器的方法示例
2019/01/31 Python
Python3字符串encode与decode的讲解
2019/04/02 Python
Python虚拟环境的原理及使用详解
2019/07/02 Python
pytorch加载自定义网络权重的实现
2020/01/07 Python
利用4行Python代码监测每一行程序的运行时间和空间消耗
2020/04/22 Python
python异常处理之try finally不报错的原因
2020/05/18 Python
Django搭建项目实战与避坑细节详解
2020/12/06 Python
Canvas绘制浮动球效果的示例
2017/12/29 HTML / CSS
SHEIN台湾:购买最新流行女装服饰
2019/05/18 全球购物
日本整理专家Marie Kondo的官方在线商店:KonMari
2020/06/29 全球购物
初中英语教学反思
2014/01/25 职场文书
优秀经理获奖感言
2014/03/04 职场文书
财务部总监岗位职责
2014/03/12 职场文书
建房协议书
2014/04/11 职场文书
借款协议书范本
2014/04/22 职场文书
大学生档案自我鉴定(2篇)
2014/10/14 职场文书
行政主管岗位职责范本
2015/04/09 职场文书