python实现桌面气泡提示功能


Posted in Python onJuly 29, 2019

在写桌面软件时,通常会使用到托盘上的泡泡提示功能,让我们来看看使用python如何实现这个小功能。

一、Linux系统

在Linux上,实现一个气泡提示非常简单,使用GTK实现的pynotify模块提供了些功能,我的环境是Ubuntu,默认安装此模块,如果没有,下载源文件编译安装一个。实现代码如下:

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf-8
 
import pynotify
 
pynotify.init ("Bubble@Linux")
bubble_notify = pynotify.Notification ("Linux上的泡泡提示", "看,比Windows上实现方便多了!")
bubble_notify.show ()

效果:

python实现桌面气泡提示功能

二、Windows下的实现

Windows下实现是比较复杂的,没有pynotify这样一个模块,找到了一个还算不错的模块(地址),这个类有些语法上的小问题,至少在python2.6下如此,需要修改一下,如下是修改后的代码),基本可用,代码如下:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
#gtkPopupNotify.py
#
# Copyright 2009 Daniel Woodhouse 
# modified by NickCis 2010 http://github.com/NickCis/gtkPopupNotify
# Modifications:
#     Added: * Corner support (notifications can be displayed in all corners
#        * Use of gtk Stock items or pixbuf to render images in notifications
#        * Posibility of use fixed height
#        * Posibility of use image as background
#        * Not displaying over Windows taskbar(taken from emesene gpl v3)
#        * y separation.
#        * font description options
#        * Callbacks For left, middle and right click
#
#This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
#the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
#(at your option) any later version.
#
#This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
#GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
#
#You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
#along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 
import os
import gtk
import pango
import gobject
 
# This code is used only on Windows to get the location on the taskbar
# Taken from emesene Notifications (Gpl v3)
taskbarOffsety = 0
taskbarOffsetx = 0
if os.name == "nt":
  import ctypes
  from ctypes.wintypes import RECT, DWORD
  user = ctypes.windll.user32
  MONITORINFOF_PRIMARY = 1
  HMONITOR = 1
 
  class MONITORINFO(ctypes.Structure):
    _fields_ = [
      ('cbSize', DWORD),
      ('rcMonitor', RECT),
      ('rcWork', RECT),
      ('dwFlags', DWORD)
      ]
 
  taskbarSide = "bottom"
  taskbarOffset = 30
  info = MONITORINFO()
  info.cbSize = ctypes.sizeof(info)
  info.dwFlags = MONITORINFOF_PRIMARY
  user.GetMonitorInfoW(HMONITOR, ctypes.byref(info))
  if info.rcMonitor.bottom != info.rcWork.bottom:
    taskbarOffsety = info.rcMonitor.bottom - info.rcWork.bottom
  if info.rcMonitor.top != info.rcWork.top:
    taskbarSide = "top"
    taskbarOffsety = info.rcWork.top - info.rcMonitor.top
  if info.rcMonitor.left != info.rcWork.left:
    taskbarSide = "left"
    taskbarOffsetx = info.rcWork.left - info.rcMonitor.left
  if info.rcMonitor.right != info.rcWork.right:
    taskbarSide = "right"
    taskbarOffsetx = info.rcMonitor.right - info.rcWork.right
 
class NotificationStack:
  
  def __init__(self, size_x=300, size_y=-1, timeout=5, corner=(False, False), sep_y=0):
    """
    Create a new notification stack. The recommended way to create Popup instances.
     Parameters:
      `size_x` : The desired width of the notifications.
      `size_y` : The desired minimum height of the notifications. If it isn't set,
      or setted to None, the size will automatically adjust
      `timeout` : Popup instance will disappear after this timeout if there
      is no human intervention. This can be overridden temporarily by passing
      a new timout to the new_popup method.
      `coner` : 2 Value tuple: (true if left, True if top)
      `sep_y` : y distance to separate notifications from each other
    """
    self.size_x = size_x
    self.size_y = -1 
    if (size_y == None): 
      pass
    else:
       size_y
    self.timeout = timeout
    self.corner = corner
    self.sep_y = sep_y
    """
    Other parameters:
    These will take effect for every popup created after the change.
      
      `edge_offset_y` : distance from the bottom of the screen and
      the bottom of the stack.
      `edge_offset_x` : distance from the right edge of the screen and
      the side of the stack.
      `max_popups` : The maximum number of popups to be shown on the screen
      at one time.
      `bg_color` : if None default is used (usually grey). set with a gtk.gdk.Color.
      `bg_pixmap` : Pixmap to use as background of notification. You can set a gtk.gdk.Pixmap
      or a path to a image. If none, the color background will be displayed.
      `bg_mask` : If a gtk.gdk.pixmap is specified under bg_pixmap, the mask of the pixmap has to be setted here.
      `fg_color` : if None default is used (usually black). set with a gtk.gdk.Color.
      `show_timeout` : if True, a countdown till destruction will be displayed.
      `close_but` : if True, the close button will be displayed.
      `fontdesc` : a 3 value Tuple containing the pango.FontDescriptions of the Header, message and counter
       (in that order). If a string is suplyed, it will be used for the 3 the same FontDescription.
       http://doc.stoq.com.br/devel/pygtk/class-pangofontdescription.html
    """    
    self.edge_offset_x = 0
    self.edge_offset_y = 0
    self.max_popups = 5
    self.fg_color = None
    self.bg_color = None
    self.bg_pixmap = None
    self.bg_mask = None
    self.show_timeout = False
    self.close_but = True
    self.fontdesc = ("Sans Bold 14", "Sans 12", "Sans 10")
    
    self._notify_stack = []
    self._offset = 0
 
    
  def new_popup(self, title, message, image=None, leftCb=None, middleCb=None, rightCb=None):
    """Create a new Popup instance."""
    if len(self._notify_stack) == self.max_popups:
      self._notify_stack[0].hide_notification()
    self._notify_stack.append(Popup(self, title, message, image, leftCb, middleCb, rightCb))
    self._offset += self._notify_stack[-1].y
    
  def destroy_popup_cb(self, popup):
    self._notify_stack.remove(popup)
    #move popups down if required
    offset = 0
    for note in self._notify_stack:
      offset = note.reposition(offset, self)
    self._offset = offset
  
  
 
  
class Popup(gtk.Window):
  def __init__(self, stack, title, message, image, leftCb, middleCb, rightCb):
    gtk.Window.__init__(self, type=gtk.WINDOW_POPUP)
    
    self.leftclickCB = leftCb
    self.middleclickCB = middleCb
    self.rightclickCB = rightCb    
    
    self.set_size_request(stack.size_x, stack.size_y)
    self.set_decorated(False)
    self.set_deletable(False)
    self.set_property("skip-pager-hint", True)
    self.set_property("skip-taskbar-hint", True)
    self.connect("enter-notify-event", self.on_hover, True)
    self.connect("leave-notify-event", self.on_hover, False)
    self.set_opacity(0.2)
    self.destroy_cb = stack.destroy_popup_cb
    
    if type(stack.fontdesc) == tuple or type(stack.fontdesc) == list:
      fontH, fontM, fontC = stack.fontdesc
    else:
      fontH = fontM = fontC = stack.fontdesc
    
    main_box = gtk.VBox()
    header_box = gtk.HBox()
    self.header = gtk.Label()
    self.header.set_markup("<b>%s</b>" % title)
    self.header.set_padding(3, 3)
    self.header.set_alignment(0, 0)
    try:
      self.header.modify_font(pango.FontDescription(fontH))
    except Exception, e:
      print e
    header_box.pack_start(self.header, True, True, 5)
    if stack.close_but:
      close_button = gtk.Image()
    
      close_button.set_from_stock(gtk.STOCK_CANCEL, gtk.ICON_SIZE_BUTTON)
      close_button.set_padding(3, 3)
      close_window = gtk.EventBox()
      close_window.set_visible_window(False)
      close_window.connect("button-press-event", self.hide_notification)
      close_window.add(close_button)
      header_box.pack_end(close_window, False, False)
    main_box.pack_start(header_box)
    
    body_box = gtk.HBox()
    if image is not None:
      self.image = gtk.Image()
      self.image.set_size_request(70, 70)
      self.image.set_alignment(0, 0)
      if image in gtk.stock_list_ids():
        self.image.set_from_stock(image, gtk.ICON_SIZE_DIALOG)
      elif type(image) == gtk.gdk.Pixbuf:
        self.image.set_from_pixbuf(image)
      else:
        self.image.set_from_file(image)
      body_box.pack_start(self.image, False, False, 5)
    self.message = gtk.Label()
    self.message.set_property("wrap", True)
    self.message.set_size_request(stack.size_x - 90, -1)
    self.message.set_alignment(0, 0)
    self.message.set_padding(5, 10)
    self.message.set_markup(message)
    try:
      self.message.modify_font(pango.FontDescription(fontM))
    except Exception, e:
      print e
    self.counter = gtk.Label()
    self.counter.set_alignment(1, 1)
    self.counter.set_padding(3, 3)
    try:
      self.counter.modify_font(pango.FontDescription(fontC))
    except Exception, e:
      print e
    self.timeout = stack.timeout
    
    body_box.pack_start(self.message, True, False, 5)
    body_box.pack_end(self.counter, False, False, 5)
    main_box.pack_start(body_box)
    eventbox = gtk.EventBox()
    eventbox.set_property('visible-window', False)
    eventbox.set_events(gtk.gdk.BUTTON_PRESS_MASK)
    eventbox.connect("button_press_event", self.onClick) 
    eventbox.add(main_box)
    self.add(eventbox)
    if stack.bg_pixmap is not None:
      if not type(stack.bg_pixmap) == gtk.gdk.Pixmap:
        stack.bg_pixmap, stack.bg_mask = gtk.gdk.pixbuf_new_from_file(stack.bg_pixmap).render_pixmap_and_mask()
      self.set_app_paintable(True)
      self.connect_after("realize", self.callbackrealize, stack.bg_pixmap, stack.bg_mask)
    elif stack.bg_color is not None:
      self.modify_bg(gtk.STATE_NORMAL, stack.bg_color)
    if stack.fg_color is not None:
      self.message.modify_fg(gtk.STATE_NORMAL, stack.fg_color)
      self.header.modify_fg(gtk.STATE_NORMAL, stack.fg_color)
      self.counter.modify_fg(gtk.STATE_NORMAL, stack.fg_color)
    self.show_timeout = stack.show_timeout
    self.hover = False
    self.show_all()
    self.x, self.y = self.size_request()
    #Not displaying over windows bar 
    if os.name == 'nt':
      if stack.corner[0] and taskbarSide == "left":
        stack.edge_offset_x += taskbarOffsetx
      elif not stack.corner[0] and taskbarSide == 'right':
        stack.edge_offset_x += taskbarOffsetx
      if stack.corner[1] and taskbarSide == "top":
        stack.edge_offset_x += taskbarOffsety
      elif not stack.corner[1] and taskbarSide == 'bottom':
        stack.edge_offset_x += taskbarOffsety
        
    if stack.corner[0]:
      posx = stack.edge_offset_x
    else:
      posx = gtk.gdk.screen_width() - self.x - stack.edge_offset_x
    sep_y = 0 
    if (stack._offset == 0):
      pass
    else:
       stack.sep_y
    self.y += sep_y
    if stack.corner[1]:
      posy = stack._offset + stack.edge_offset_y + sep_y
    else:
      posy = gtk.gdk.screen_height()- self.y - stack._offset - stack.edge_offset_y
    self.move(posx, posy)
    self.fade_in_timer = gobject.timeout_add(100, self.fade_in)
    
    
 
  def reposition(self, offset, stack):
    """Move the notification window down, when an older notification is removed"""
    if stack.corner[0]:
      posx = stack.edge_offset_x
    else:
      posx = gtk.gdk.screen_width() - self.x - stack.edge_offset_x
    if stack.corner[1]:
      posy = offset + stack.edge_offset_y
      new_offset = self.y + offset
    else:      
      new_offset = self.y + offset
      posy = gtk.gdk.screen_height() - new_offset - stack.edge_offset_y + stack.sep_y
    self.move(posx, posy)
    return new_offset
 
  
  def fade_in(self):
    opacity = self.get_opacity()
    opacity += 0.15
    if opacity >= 1:
      self.wait_timer = gobject.timeout_add(1000, self.wait)
      return False
    self.set_opacity(opacity)
    return True
      
  def wait(self):
    if not self.hover:
      self.timeout -= 1
    if self.show_timeout:
      self.counter.set_markup(str("<b>%s</b>" % self.timeout))
    if self.timeout == 0:
      self.fade_out_timer = gobject.timeout_add(100, self.fade_out)
      return False
    return True
   
  
  def fade_out(self):
    opacity = self.get_opacity()
    opacity -= 0.10
    if opacity <= 0:
      self.in_progress = False
      self.hide_notification()
      return False
    self.set_opacity(opacity)
    return True
  
  def on_hover(self, window, event, hover):
    """Starts/Stops the notification timer on a mouse in/out event"""
    self.hover = hover
 
    
  def hide_notification(self, *args):
    """Destroys the notification and tells the stack to move the
    remaining notification windows"""
    for timer in ("fade_in_timer", "fade_out_timer", "wait_timer"):
      if hasattr(self, timer):
        gobject.source_remove(getattr(self, timer))
    self.destroy()
    self.destroy_cb(self)
 
  def callbackrealize(self, widget, pixmap, mask=False):
    #width, height = pixmap.get_size()
    #self.resize(width, height)
    if mask is not False:
      self.shape_combine_mask(mask, 0, 0)
    self.window.set_back_pixmap(pixmap, False)
    return True
 
  def onClick(self, widget, event):
    if event.button == 1 and self.leftclickCB != None:
      self.leftclickCB()
      self.hide_notification()
    if event.button == 2 and self.middleclickCB != None:
      self.middleclickCB()
      self.hide_notification()
    if event.button == 3 and self.rightclickCB != None:
      self.rightclickCB()
      self.hide_notification()
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
  #example usage
  
  def notify_factory():
    color = ("green", "blue")
    image = "logo1_64.png"
    notifier.bg_color = gtk.gdk.Color(color[0])
    notifier.fg_color = gtk.gdk.Color(color[1])
    notifier.show_timeout = True 
    notifier.edge_offset_x = 20
    notifier.edge_offset_y = 30
    notifier.new_popup("Windows上的泡泡提示", "NND,比Linux下复杂多了,效果还不怎么样", image=image)
    return True
 
  def gtk_main_quit():
    print "quitting"
    gtk.main_quit()
  
  notifier = NotificationStack(timeout=1) 
  gobject.timeout_add(4000, notify_factory)
  gobject.timeout_add(8000, gtk_main_quit)
  gtk.main()

效果如下:

python实现桌面气泡提示功能

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持三水点靠木。

Python 相关文章推荐
使用Python将数组的元素导出到变量中(unpacking)
Oct 27 Python
Python编程实现的图片识别功能示例
Aug 03 Python
Python使用三种方法实现PCA算法
Dec 12 Python
Python即时网络爬虫项目启动说明详解
Feb 23 Python
Python实现合并两个有序链表的方法示例
Jan 31 Python
python matplotlib画图库学习绘制常用的图
Mar 19 Python
python如何制作缩略图
Apr 30 Python
Python寻找路径和查找文件路径的示例
Jul 10 Python
基于Python实现视频的人脸融合功能
Jun 12 Python
python 实现倒计时功能(gui界面)
Nov 11 Python
Python request post上传文件常见要点
Nov 20 Python
Python实现随机生成迷宫并自动寻路
Jun 13 Python
pycharm设置鼠标悬停查看方法设置
Jul 29 #Python
django rest framework vue 实现用户登录详解
Jul 29 #Python
python实现倒计时小工具
Jul 29 #Python
django rest framework 实现用户登录认证详解
Jul 29 #Python
pycharm重命名文件的方法步骤
Jul 29 #Python
PyQt5实现暗黑风格的计时器
Jul 29 #Python
Python Django 实现简单注册功能过程详解
Jul 29 #Python
You might like
PHP网站提速三大“软”招
2006/10/09 PHP
单台服务器的PHP进程之间实现共享内存的方法
2014/06/13 PHP
typecho插件编写教程(三):保存配置
2015/05/28 PHP
PHP 常用的header头部定义汇总
2015/06/19 PHP
PHP-FPM 的管理和配置详解
2019/02/17 PHP
js几个验证函数代码
2010/03/25 Javascript
基于AngularJS实现页面滚动到底自动加载数据的功能
2015/10/16 Javascript
修改jquery中dialog的title属性方法(推荐)
2016/08/26 Javascript
AngularJS实践之使用NgModelController进行数据绑定
2016/10/08 Javascript
Angular2表单自定义验证器的实现
2016/10/19 Javascript
微信小程序 解析网页内容详解及实例
2017/02/22 Javascript
解决使用Vue.js显示数据的时,页面闪现原始代码的问题
2018/02/11 Javascript
详解vue项目打包步骤
2019/03/29 Javascript
VUE 直接通过JS 修改html对象的值导致没有更新到数据中解决方法分析
2019/12/02 Javascript
Vue + Node.js + MongoDB图片上传组件实现图片预览和删除功能详解
2020/04/29 Javascript
[02:48]DOTA2超级联赛专访海涛:你们的选择没有错
2013/06/07 DOTA
[01:01:51]EG vs VG Supermajor小组赛B组 BO3 第二场 6.2
2018/06/03 DOTA
Linux中Python 环境软件包安装步骤
2016/03/31 Python
Python使用爬虫爬取静态网页图片的方法详解
2018/06/05 Python
Django渲染Markdown文章目录的方法示例
2019/01/02 Python
Django实现学员管理系统
2019/02/26 Python
使用python实现ftp的文件读写方法
2019/07/02 Python
opencv python在视屏上截图功能的实现
2020/03/05 Python
Python响应对象text属性乱码解决方案
2020/03/31 Python
Python pymysql模块安装并操作过程解析
2020/10/13 Python
python对 MySQL 数据库进行增删改查的脚本
2020/10/22 Python
html5的新玩法——语音搜索
2013/01/03 HTML / CSS
门卫岗位安全职责
2013/12/13 职场文书
2013年员工自我评价范文
2013/12/27 职场文书
白酒业务员岗位职责
2013/12/27 职场文书
学校爱国卫生月活动总结
2014/06/25 职场文书
乡镇干部先进性教育活动个人整改措施
2014/09/16 职场文书
大学生考试作弊检讨书
2014/09/21 职场文书
英文自荐信范文
2015/03/25 职场文书
面试通知单大全
2015/04/20 职场文书
离婚案件被告代理词
2015/05/23 职场文书