Python文件监听工具pyinotify与watchdog实例

pyinotify库

支持的监控事件

@cvar IN_ACCESS: File was accessed.
@type IN_ACCESS: int
@cvar IN_MODIFY: File was modified.
@type IN_MODIFY: int
@cvar IN_ATTRIB: Metadata changed.
@type IN_ATTRIB: int
@cvar IN_CLOSE_WRITE: Writtable file was closed.
@type IN_CLOSE_WRITE: int
@cvar IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE: Unwrittable file closed.
@type IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE: int
@cvar IN_OPEN: File was opened.
@type IN_OPEN: int
@cvar IN_MOVED_FROM: File was moved from X.
@type IN_MOVED_FROM: int
@cvar IN_MOVED_TO: File was moved to Y.
@type IN_MOVED_TO: int
@cvar IN_CREATE: Subfile was created.
@type IN_CREATE: int
@cvar IN_DELETE: Subfile was deleted.
@type IN_DELETE: int
@cvar IN_DELETE_SELF: Self (watched item itself) was deleted.
@type IN_DELETE_SELF: int
@cvar IN_MOVE_SELF: Self (watched item itself) was moved.
@type IN_MOVE_SELF: int
@cvar IN_UNMOUNT: Backing fs was unmounted.
@type IN_UNMOUNT: int
@cvar IN_Q_OVERFLOW: Event queued overflowed.
@type IN_Q_OVERFLOW: int
@cvar IN_IGNORED: File was ignored.
@type IN_IGNORED: int
@cvar IN_ONLYDIR: only watch the path if it is a directory (new
         in kernel 2.6.15).
@type IN_ONLYDIR: int
@cvar IN_DONT_FOLLOW: don't follow a symlink (new in kernel 2.6.15).
           IN_ONLYDIR we can make sure that we don't watch
           the target of symlinks.
@type IN_DONT_FOLLOW: int
@cvar IN_EXCL_UNLINK: Events are not generated for children after they
           have been unlinked from the watched directory.
           (new in kernel 2.6.36).
@type IN_EXCL_UNLINK: int
@cvar IN_MASK_ADD: add to the mask of an already existing watch (new
          in kernel 2.6.14).
@type IN_MASK_ADD: int
@cvar IN_ISDIR: Event occurred against dir.
@type IN_ISDIR: int
@cvar IN_ONESHOT: Only send event once.
@type IN_ONESHOT: int
@cvar ALL_EVENTS: Alias for considering all of the events.
@type ALL_EVENTS: int

python 3.6的demo

import sys
import os
import pyinotify
WATCH_PATH = '/home/lp/ftp' # 监控目录
if not WATCH_PATH:
  print("The WATCH_PATH setting MUST be set.")
  sys.exit()
else:
  if os.path.exists(WATCH_PATH):
    print('Found watch path: path=%s.' % (WATCH_PATH))
  else:
    print('The watch path NOT exists, watching stop now: path=%s.' % (WATCH_PATH))
    sys.exit()
# 事件回调函数
class OnIOHandler(pyinotify.ProcessEvent):
  # 重写文件写入完成函数
  def process_IN_CLOSE_WRITE(self, event):
    # logging.info("create file: %s " % os.path.join(event.path, event.name))
    # 处理成小图片，然后发送给grpc服务器或者发给kafka
    file_path = os.path.join(event.path, event.name)
    print('文件完成写入',file_path)
  # 重写文件删除函数
  def process_IN_DELETE(self, event):
    print("文件删除: %s " % os.path.join(event.path, event.name))
  # 重写文件改变函数
  def process_IN_MODIFY(self, event):
    print("文件改变: %s " % os.path.join(event.path, event.name))
  # 重写文件创建函数
  def process_IN_CREATE(self, event):
    print("文件创建: %s " % os.path.join(event.path, event.name))
def auto_compile(path='.'):
  wm = pyinotify.WatchManager()
  # mask = pyinotify.EventsCodes.ALL_FLAGS.get('IN_CREATE', 0)
  # mask = pyinotify.EventsCodes.FLAG_COLLECTIONS['OP_FLAGS']['IN_CREATE']               # 监控内容，只监听文件被完成写入
  mask = pyinotify.IN_CREATE | pyinotify.IN_CLOSE_WRITE
  notifier = pyinotify.ThreadedNotifier(wm, OnIOHandler())  # 回调函数
  notifier.start()
  wm.add_watch(path, mask, rec=True, auto_add=True)
  print('Start monitoring %s' % path)
  while True:
    try:
      notifier.process_events()
      if notifier.check_events():
        notifier.read_events()
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
      notifier.stop()
      break
if __name__ == "__main__":
  auto_compile(WATCH_PATH)
  print('monitor close')

watchdog库

支持的监控事件

EVENT_TYPE_MODIFIED: self.on_modified,
EVENT_TYPE_MOVED: self.on_moved,
EVENT_TYPE_CREATED: self.on_created,
EVENT_TYPE_DELETED: self.on_deleted,

需要注意的是，文件改变，也会触发文件夹的改变

python3.6的demo

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import print_function
import asyncio
import base64
import logging
import os
import shutil
import sys
from datetime import datetime
from watchdog.events import FileSystemEventHandler
from watchdog.observers import Observer
WATCH_PATH = '/home/lp/ftp' # 监控目录
class FileMonitorHandler(FileSystemEventHandler):
 def __init__(self, **kwargs):
  super(FileMonitorHandler, self).__init__(**kwargs)
  # 监控目录 目录下面以device_id为目录存放各自的图片
  self._watch_path = WATCH_PATH
 # 重写文件改变函数，文件改变都会触发文件夹变化
 def on_modified(self, event):
  if not event.is_directory: # 文件改变都会触发文件夹变化
   file_path = event.src_path
   print("文件改变: %s " % file_path)
if __name__ == "__main__":
 event_handler = FileMonitorHandler()
 observer = Observer()
 observer.schedule(event_handler, path=WATCH_PATH, recursive=True) # recursive递归的
 observer.start()
 observer.join()

总结

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